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首页> 外文期刊>Southeastern naturalist >A previously undocumented locality of eastern hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) in the Elk River, Carter County, TN
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A previously undocumented locality of eastern hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) in the Elk River, Carter County, TN

机译：田纳西州卡特县麋鹿河上东部无脊椎动物（Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis）的先前未记录的位置

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Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis (Eastern Hellbender) is a large, imperiled aquatic salamander found in rocky upland streams from New York to Alabama. Although widespread, many Hellbender populations are now highly fragmented by impoundments and degraded habitats. Hellbenders likely require specific stream habitats with relatively low anthropogenic impacts in order to maintain population viability. The Elk River is a small (5~(th) order), high-gradient tributary of the Watauga River drainage that originates in Avery County, NC and flows northwest to Watauga Reservoir in northeastern Tennessee. Although the Elk River's headwaters are heavily impacted by development in the resort towns of Banner Elk and Sugar Mountain; its lower reaches flow through portions of the Pisgah and Cherokee National Forests and over several large waterfalls before reaching the reservoir. Hellbender presence was undocumented in the Elk River prior to 2010. We learned that Hellbenders were likely present in the lower Elk River from anecdotal reports of sightings in Tennessee. In 2010 and 2011, we surveyed for Hellbenders at 10 sites in the Elk River drainage. We observed multiple size classes, including larvae and juveniles, present in the lower Elk River. Development in headwater regions of the Elk River in North Carolina may have caused habitat degradation in the upper Elk River causing the extirpation of Hellbenders in the upper reaches.
机译：Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis（东部地狱弯）是一种大型的，有危害的水生sal，见于从纽约到阿拉巴马州的岩石高地小溪中。尽管分布很广，但许多地狱弯人口现在由于蓄水和生境退化而高度分散。为了维持人口生存能力，地狱弯曲者可能需要具有相对较低的人为影响的特定河流栖息地。麋鹿河是Watauga河排水的小（第5级）高支流，发源于北卡罗来纳州的埃弗里县，并向西北流至田纳西州东北部的Watauga水库。尽管麋鹿河的源头受到班纳克麋鹿和糖山度假小镇的发展的严重影响;它的下游流经皮斯加（Pisgah）和切罗基国家森林（Cherokee National Forest）的部分地区，并经过数个大瀑布，然后到达水库。在2010年之前，麋鹿河中没有Hellbender的存在的记录。我们从田纳西州目击事件的传闻中得知，麋鹿河可能存在于Elk河的下游。在2010年和2011年，我们对麋鹿河排水系统中的10个站点进行了地狱使者调查。我们观察到麋鹿河下游存在多种大小的种类，包括幼虫和幼体。北卡罗莱纳州麋鹿河上游地区的发展可能导致麋鹿河上游栖息地退化，并导致上游地狱弯角的灭绝。

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