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首页> 外文期刊>Southeastern naturalist >Temporal changes and prescribed-fire effects on vegetation and small-mammal communities in central Appalachian forest, creek, and field habitats
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Temporal changes and prescribed-fire effects on vegetation and small-mammal communities in central Appalachian forest, creek, and field habitats

机译：时间变化和明火对阿巴拉契亚中部森林，小溪和田野生境中植被和小哺乳动物群落的影响

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摘要

We quantified changes in vegetation and small-mammal communities over a 3-year period in paired creek, forest, and field sites in the central Appalachian Mountains. Prescribed burns were applied to field sites in 2008. Data were collected at all sites during summers of 2008 (pre-burn for fields), 2009 (ca. 2-4 months post-burn for fields), and 2010 (ca. 14-16 months post-burn for fields). In 19,640 trap-nights across 3 years, we captured 605 individuals of 14 small-mammal species. S?renson index showed substantial differences in mammal communities between 2008 pre-burn and 2009/2010 post-burn fields (<10% similarity for all pre- to post-burn comparisons). Creek and forest habitats showed markedly greater year-to-year similarities (46-82%). Unlike mammals, vegetation and habitat structure showed little change over time. Minimal changes in preand post-burn fields suggest that field vegetation at these sites recovered rapidly after the low-intensity surface fires. In contrast, fire appears to have had a profound effect on small-mammal communities in fields, as documented by dramatic temporal changes in species composition and abundance and little evidence of recovery after 16 months postburn. As many managed fields in this region are burned on 3-year rotations, this potential impact of prescribed fire on small-mammal communities is important. Additional studies are needed to determine whether small-mammal populations are strongly affected by conditions during prescribed burns (i.e., direct effects on species mortality and emigration), or if the changes we observed reflect natural cyclical patterns (annual or multi-annual periodicities) in these populations.
机译：我们量化了三年内阿巴拉契亚山脉中部成对的小溪，森林和田地中植被和小哺乳动物群落的变化。在2008年对田地进行了规定的烧伤。在2008年夏季（田间进行预烧），2009年（田间进行大约2-4个月）和2010年（田间进行大约14-田间焚烧后16个月）。在3年的19,640个诱捕之夜中，我们捕获了605个个体的14种小哺乳动物。 S？renson指数显示，在2008年烧伤前与2009/2010年烧伤后田间，哺乳动物群落存在显着差异（所有烧伤前与烧伤后比较的相似度均低于10％）。溪流和森林栖息地的年比相似度明显更高（46-82％）。与哺乳动物不同，植被和栖息地结构随时间变化很小。燃烧前和燃烧后田间的最小变化表明，在低强度地表火灾后，这些地点的田间植被迅速恢复。相比之下，火灾似乎对田间的小哺乳动物群落产生了深远的影响，其证据是物种组成和丰度在时间上发生了巨大的变化，并且在燃烧后16个月后几乎没有恢复的迹象。由于该地区许多有管理的田地每旋转3年便会燃烧一次，因此处方火对小哺乳动物群落的这种潜在影响非常重要。需要进行更多的研究来确定小哺乳动物种群是否受到规定的烧伤条件的强烈影响（即对物种死亡率和移徙的直接影响），或者我们观察到的变化是否反映了自然周期性模式（每年或每年的周期性）。这些人群。

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