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首页> 外文期刊>Sportverletzung Sportschaden: Organ der Gesellschaft fu?r Orthopa?disch-Traumatologische Sportmedizin >Causes and Factors Associated with Collisions on Ski Slopes [Ursachen und Einflussfaktoren von Personenkollisionen auf der Skipiste]
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Causes and Factors Associated with Collisions on Ski Slopes [Ursachen und Einflussfaktoren von Personenkollisionen auf der Skipiste]

机译：滑雪坡碰撞的原因和因素[滑雪坡上人身碰撞的原因和影响因素]

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摘要

Background: Annually, in Austria more than 10 million people participate in winter sport activities such as alpine skiing, snowboarding, cross country skiing and ski touring. About 80 - 90 % of all accidents are caused by a fall without other people involved and about 10 % are caused by collisions between people. Methods: In the winter season 2011/2012, skiers and snowboarders injured due to a fall or a collision on a ski slope have been interviewed about potential intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors in the Austrian province Vorarlberg. Results: In total, 1741 people injured by a self-inflicted fall and 137 people injured due to a collision have been interviewed. People injured due to a collision showed more often a head injury (15 vs. 8 %) and more often a concussion (15 vs. 6 %). Furthermore, people injured due to a collision were significantly older (41 vs. 33 years) and showed a higher proportion of skiers (86 vs. 79 %) as well as of higher skilled people (83 vs. 74 %) compared to those injured by a self-inflicted fall. Collisions between sport participants incurred significantly more often on slope intersections (11 vs. 4 %), when more people were on ski slopes (30 vs. 12 %) and when the sun was shining (85 vs. 69 %). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, preventive recommendations to reduce the risk of a collision include an adaptation of the individual skiing or snowboarding behaviour and the actual speed on skill level, weather conditions and number of other skiers and snowboarders on ski slopes. In addition, influences of adaptive visual information and supervision systems at slope intersections and in relation to weather and traffic conditions should be evaluated.
机译：背景：在奥地利，每年有超过一千万的人参加冬季运动，例如高山滑雪，单板滑雪，越野滑雪和滑雪旅行。在所有事故中，约有80％-90％是由没有其他人参与的坠落引起的，而约10％是由人与人之间的碰撞引起的。方法：在2011/2012冬季，对奥地利省福拉尔贝格州潜在的内在和外在风险因素进行了采访，调查了因跌倒或在滑雪坡上发生碰撞而受伤的滑雪者和单板滑雪者。结果：总共采访了1741人因自跌而受伤，而137人因碰撞而受伤。因碰撞而受伤的人头部受伤的频率更高（15％对8％），脑震荡的频率更高（15％对6％）。此外，因撞车受伤的人年龄较大（41岁比33岁），与受伤者相比，滑雪者（86％vs. 79％）以及高技能人士（83％vs. 74％）的比例更高自我跌倒。运动参与者之间的碰撞发生在斜坡交叉处的发生率更高（11％对4％），当更多的人在滑雪坡上时（30％对12％）以及当阳光明媚时（85％对69％）。结论：根据这项研究的结果，减少碰撞风险的预防性建议包括适应个人滑雪或单板滑雪行为以及实际水平，技能水平，天气条件以及其他滑雪者和滑雪坡者的数量。另外，应评估自适应视觉信息和监控系统在斜坡交叉口以及与天气和交通状况有关的影响。

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