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首页> 外文期刊>Stress and health: journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress >Effort-Reward Imbalance and Mental Health Problems in 1074 German Teachers, Compared with Those in the General Population
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Effort-Reward Imbalance and Mental Health Problems in 1074 German Teachers, Compared with Those in the General Population

机译：与一般人群相比，1074名德国教师的工作奖赏失衡和心理健康问题

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摘要

High degrees of premature retirement among teachers warrant investigating the occupational burden and the mental health status of this profession. A sample of 1074 German teachers participated in this study. Two samples of the general population (N=824 and N=792) were used as comparison groups. Work distress was assessed with the Effort-Reward-Imbalance questionnaire, and mental health problems were measured with the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Teachers reported more effort-reward imbalance (M=0.64) compared with the general population (M=0.57), and they perceived more mental health problems (GHQ: M=12.1) than the comparison group (M=9.5). School type was not associated with work stress and mental health. Teachers with leading functions perceived high degrees of effort and reward, resulting in a moderate effort-reward ratio and no heightened mental health problems. Teachers working full time reported more effort than teachers working part time, but the reward mean values of both groups were similar. This results in a somewhat unfavourable effort-reward ratio of teachers working full time. Moreover, teachers working full time reported more mental health problems. The results support the appropriateness of the effort-reward conception, applied to the profession of teachers. The higher degree of effort-reward imbalance and the level of mental health problems warrant preventive measures. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：教师中过高的提前退休年龄需要调查该职业的职业负担和心理健康状况。 1074名德国教师的样本参加了这项研究。比较普通人群的两个样本（N = 824和N = 792）。用工作量-奖赏-不平衡问卷评估工作压力，并通过《一般健康问卷》（GHQ-12）评估心理健康问题。与普通人群（M = 0.57）相比，教师报告的努力与奖励失衡（M = 0.64）更多，并且他们比对照组（M = 9.5）感觉到更多的心理健康问题（GHQ：M = 12.1）。学校类型与工作压力和心理健康无关。具有领导职能的教师认为自己的努力程度和回报率很高，从而产生了适度的努力回报率，并且没有加剧的心理健康问题。全职工作的教师报告的工作量比兼职工作的教师要多，但是两组的报酬平均值相似。这导致全职工作的教师的工作报酬比率有些不利。此外，全职工作的教师报告了更多的心理健康问题。结果证明了努力奖赏概念在教师职业中的适当性。付出-报酬失衡的程度更高，以及精神健康问题的程度也值得采取预防措施。版权所有（c）2014 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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