...
首页> 外文期刊>Stem cell reviews >The role of stem cells in physiology, pathophysiology, and therapy of the liver.
【24h】

The role of stem cells in physiology, pathophysiology, and therapy of the liver.

机译:干细胞在肝脏的生理学,病理生理学和治疗中的作用。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           

摘要

The objectives of the present review is to update readers with the rapidly changing concepts in liver stem cell biology and related clinical applications. The liver has adapted to the inflow of ingested toxins by the evolutionary development of unique regenerative properties and responds to injury or tissue loss by rapid division of the mature cells, hepatocytes, and bile duct epithelial cells. Proliferation of the parenchymal cells is regulated by numerous cytokine/growth factor-mediated pathways and is timely synchronized with extracellular matrix degradation and the restoration of the vasculature. The putative role of stem cells in physiology, pathophysiology, and therapy is not yet precisely known but currently is under intensive investigation. Resident hepatic stem/ progenitor cells have been identified in small numbers and implicated in liver tissue repair, when hepatocyte and bile duct replication capacity is exhausted or experimentally inhibited. Several independent reports have suggested that bone marrow cells can give rise to different hepatic epithelial cells types, including hepatic stem cells, hepatocytes, and bile duct epithelium. These observations have resulted in the hypothesis that extrahepatic stem cells, specifically bone marrow-derived stem cells, are an important source for liver epithelial cell replacement, particularly during chronic injury. Most of published data, however, now suggest that they do not play a relevant role in replacement of epithelial cells in any known form of hepatic injury. In vitro differentiation protocols for various adult extrahepatic stem cells might eventually provide valuable sources of cells for transplantation and therapy. Amniotic epithelial stem cells, fetal liver progenitor cells as well as embryonic stem cells currently emerge as alternative stem cell sources and open new possibilities for cellular therapies of liver disease.
机译:本文的目的是向读者介绍肝干细胞生物学和相关临床应用中快速变化的概念。肝脏通过独特的再生特性的进化发展适应了摄入的毒素的流入,并通过成熟细胞,肝细胞和胆管上皮细胞的快速分裂来响应损伤或组织损失。实质细胞的增殖受多种细胞因子/生长因子介导的途径调节,并与细胞外基质降解和脉管系统的恢复及时同步。干细胞在生理学,病理生理学和治疗中的假定作用尚不清楚,但目前正在深入研究中。当肝细胞和胆管复制能力耗尽或实验性抑制时,已经鉴定出少量常驻肝干细胞/祖细胞并涉及肝组织修复。几项独立的报告表明,骨髓细胞可引起不同类型的肝上皮细胞,包括肝干细胞,肝细胞和胆管上皮。这些观察结果提出了这样的假设:肝外干细胞,特别是骨髓来源的干细胞,是肝上皮细胞置换的重要来源,尤其是在慢性损伤期间。但是,大多数已发表的数据现在表明,它们在以任何已知形式的肝损伤替代上皮细胞中均不发挥相关作用。各种成人肝外干细胞的体外分化方案最终可能会为移植和治疗提供有价值的细胞来源。羊膜上皮干细胞,胎儿肝祖细胞以及胚胎干细胞目前作为替代干细胞来源出现,为肝病的细胞疗法开辟了新的可能性。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱:kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备:11010802029741号 ICP备案号:京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有
  • 客服微信

  • 服务号