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Life-cycle considerations in risk-informed decisions for design of civil infrastructures

机译：民间基础设施设计中基于风险的决策中的生命周期考虑

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摘要

Civil structures and infrastructures, such as buildings, bridges, and other facilities, are constructed and built for long service lives; many for over 50 or 100 years. In this light, the performance of an engineered system over its useful life span is naturally of major concern. The concern must include the assurance of a minimum level of reliability of performance, which will necessarily require inspections, repair, and maybe even retrofitting or replacement. The whole-life cost associated with this life-cycle performance, therefore, is the pertinent cost that ought to be the basis for determining the cost during the design stage (in terms of present value); this must include the maintenance and potential damage costs, besides the initial cost, over the life of a system. In this regard, significant technical and economic uncertainties can be expected and are unavoidable; therefore, decisions required in the design of such systems must consider risk associated with the probability of non-performance and serious damage or failure, as well as of the financial risk. The importance of these factors in the decision process at the design stage is emphasised and a practical approach for life-cycle consideration in formulating risk-informed decisions in the planning and design of infrastructure systems is described. The approach is illustrated with specific applications in the optimal design of civil infrastructure systems.
机译：建造和建造民用建筑和基础设施，例如建筑物，桥梁和其他设施，以延长使用寿命;许多超过50或100年。鉴于此，工程系统在其整个使用寿命中的性能自然成为主要问题。关注点必须包括对性能最低可靠性的保证，这必然需要检查，维修，甚至可能需要翻新或更换。因此，与此生命周期性能相关的全生命周期成本是相关成本，应作为确定设计阶段成本的基础（以现值表示）;除初始成本外，这还必须包括系统寿命期内的维护和潜在损坏成本。在这方面，可以预见并且不可避免地存在重大的技术和经济不确定性;因此，在设计此类系统时需要做出的决定必须考虑与无法执行和严重损坏或故障的可能性相关的风险以及财务风险。强调了这些因素在设计阶段的决策过程中的重要性，并描述了在基础架构系统的规划和设计中制定风险知情决策的生命周期考虑的实用方法。该方法在民用基础设施系统的最佳设计中以特定的应用进行了说明。

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