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首页> 外文期刊>Surveys in Geophysics: An International Review Journal of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences >News from the Lower Ionosphere: A Review of Recent Developments
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News from the Lower Ionosphere: A Review of Recent Developments

机译：来自低层电离层的新闻：近期发展回顾

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Current knowledge concerning the lower ionosphere (D- and E-region) is reviewed with an emphasis on new aspects of empirical results. Starting with an overview of experimental techniques and corresponding data bases, both regarding charged as well as the most relevant neutral constituents of this altitude range, the ionospheric variability is discussed both concerning regular (e.g. diurnal and seasonal) as well as irregular variations (e.g. driven by the variability of nitric oxide). We then turn to 'new players' in the lower ionosphere, i.e. charged aerosol particles such as mesospheric ice particles in noctilucent clouds or polar mesospheric summer echoes and meteor smoke particles originating from ablated meteoric matter. These species have received considerable attention in recent years, in part because it is speculated that observations of their properties might be useful for the detection of climate change signals. The available experimental data base regarding these species is reviewed and we show that there is now compelling evidence for the ubiquitous presence of these very heavy charge carriers throughout the lower ionosphere. While many fundamental details regarding these charged species are not yet completely understood, this emphasizes that charged aerosol particles may not be neglected in a comprehensive treatment of the lower ionospheric charge balance and related phenomena. Finally, we close with suggestions for future research.
机译：综述了有关下电离层（D区和E区）的当前知识，重点是经验结果的新方面。首先从有关该高度范围的带电以及最相关的中性成分的实验技术和相应的数据库的概述开始，讨论了电离层的可变性，既涉及规则的（例如，每日和季节性）变化，也涉及不规则的变化（例如，驱动的一氧化氮的可变性）。然后，我们转向电离层下部的“新参与者”，即带电的气溶胶粒子，例如夜光云中的中层冰粒或极地中层夏季回波以及源自消融的流星物质的流星烟雾粒子。这些物种近年来受到了相当大的关注，部分原因是因为据推测，对其性质的观察可能对检测气候变化信号有用。审查了有关这些物种的可用实验数据库，我们表明，现在有令人信服的证据表明在整个较低电离层中普遍存在这些非常重的电荷载体。尽管尚未完全了解有关这些带电物质的许多基本细节，但它强调带电气溶胶颗粒在较低电离层电荷平衡和相关现象的综合处理中可能不会被忽略。最后，我们结束了对未来研究的建议。

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