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首页> 外文期刊>Surveys in Geophysics: An International Review Journal of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences >Toward Improved Estimation of the Dynamic Topography and Ocean Circulation in the High Latitude and Arctic Ocean: The Importance of GOCE
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Toward Improved Estimation of the Dynamic Topography and Ocean Circulation in the High Latitude and Arctic Ocean: The Importance of GOCE

机译：改进对高纬度和北冰洋动态地形和海洋环流的估算：GOCE的重要性

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The Arctic plays a fundamental role in the climate system and shows significant sensitivity to anthropogenic climate forcing and the ongoing climate change. Accelerated changes in the Arctic are already observed, including elevated air and ocean temperatures, declines of the summer sea ice extent and sea ice thickness influencing the albedo and CO_2 exchange, melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet and increased thawing of surrounding permafrost regions. In turn, the hydrological cycle in the high latitude and Arctic is expected to undergo changes although to date it is challenging to accurately quantify this. Moreover, changes in the temperature and salinity of surface waters in the Arctic Ocean and Nordic Seas may also influence the flow of dense water through the Denmark Strait, which are found to be a precursor for changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation with a lead time of around 10 years (Hawkins and Sutton in Geophys Res Lett 35:L11603, 2008). Evidently changes in the Arctic and surrounding seas have far reaching influences on regional and global environment and climate variability, thus emphasizing the need for advanced quantitative understanding of the ocean circulation and transport variability in the high latitude and Arctic Ocean. In this respect, this study combines in situ hydrographical data, surface drifter data and direct current meter measurements, with coupled sea ice-ocean models, radar altimeter data and the latest GOCEbased geoid in order to estimate and assess the quality, usefulness and validity of the new GOCE-derived mean dynamic topography for studies of the ocean circulation and transport estimates in the Nordic Seas and Arctic Ocean.
机译：北极在气候系统中扮演着重要角色，并且对人为的气候强迫和持续的气候变化表现出极大的敏感性。已经观察到北极加速变化，包括空气和海洋温度升高，夏季海冰范围下降和海冰厚度影响反照率和CO_2交换，格陵兰冰盖融化以及周围多年冻土区融化增加。反过来，高纬度和北极地区的水文循环预计会发生变化，尽管迄今为止准确地量化这一点具有挑战性。此外，北冰洋和北欧海中地表水的温度和盐度的变化也可能影响通过丹麦海峡的稠密水流，这被认为是大西洋经线翻转循环提前的先兆。大约有10年的历史（Hawkins和Sutton在Geophys Res Lett 35：L11603，2008）。显然，北极及其周围海域的变化对区域和全球环境以及气候多变性产生了深远的影响，因此强调需要对高纬度和北冰洋的海洋环流和运输多变性进行高级定量了解。在这方面，本研究结合了原地水文数据，地表漂流数据和直流电表测量结果，以及耦合的海冰海洋模型，雷达高度计数据和最新的基于GOCE的大地水准面，以评估和评估水文卫星的质量，有用性和有效性新的GOCE衍生的平均动态地形，用于研究北欧海域和北冰洋的海洋环流和运输量估计。

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