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首页> 外文期刊>Surveys in Geophysics: An International Review Journal of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences >Evaluating Topographic Effects on Ground Deformation: Insights from Finite Element Modeling
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Evaluating Topographic Effects on Ground Deformation: Insights from Finite Element Modeling

机译：评估地形对地面变形的影响：有限元建模的见解

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摘要

Ground deformation has been demonstrated to be one of the most common signals of volcanic unrest. Although volcanoes are commonly associated with significant topographic relief, most analytical models assume the Earth's surface as flat. However, it has been confirmed that this approximation can lead to important misinterpretations of the recorded surface deformation data. Here we perform a systematic and quantitative analysis of how topography may influence ground deformation signals generated by a spherical pressure source embedded in an elastic homogeneous media and how these variations correlate with the different topographic parameters characterizing the terrain form (e.g., slope, aspect, curvature). For this, we bring together the results presented in previous published papers and complement them with new axisymmetric and 3D finite element (FE) model results. First, we study, in a parametric way, the influence of a volcanic edifice centered above the pressure source axis. Second, we carry out new 3D FE models simulating the real topography of three different volcanic areas representative of topographic scenarios common in volcanic regions: Rabaul caldera (Papua New Guinea) and the volcanic islands of Tenerife and El Hierro (Canary Islands). The calculated differences are then correlated with a series of topographic parameters. The final aim is to investigate the artifacts that might arise from the use of half-space models at volcanic areas due to diverse topographic features (e.g., collapse caldera structures, prominent central edifices, large landslide scars).
机译：地面变形已被证明是火山动荡最常见的信号之一。尽管火山通常与地形起伏有关，但大多数分析模型都假定地球表面平坦。但是，已经证实，这种近似会导致对所记录的表面变形数据的重要误解。在这里，我们对地形如何影响嵌入弹性均质介质中的球形压力源产生的地面变形信号以及这些变化如何与表征地形形式的不同地形参数（例如坡度，坡向，曲率）进行系统和定量的分析）。为此，我们将以前发表的论文中提出的结果汇总在一起，并用新的轴对称和3D有限元（FE）模型结果进行补充。首先，我们以参数方式研究以压力源轴为中心的火山大厦的影响。其次，我们执行新的3D FE模型，模拟三个不同的火山区的真实地形，这些火山区代表了火山地区常见的地形场景：Rabaul火山口（巴布亚新几内亚）以及特内里费岛和埃耶罗岛的火山岛（加那利群岛）。然后将计算出的差异与一系列地形参数相关联。最终目的是研究由于地形特征多样（例如坍塌的火山口结构，突出的中央建筑物，大的滑坡疤痕）而在火山区域使用半空间模型可能产生的伪影。

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