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首页> 外文期刊>Surveys in Geophysics: An International Review Journal of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences >Estimating Runoff Using Hydro-Geodetic Approaches
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Estimating Runoff Using Hydro-Geodetic Approaches

机译：水文大地径流径流估算

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摘要

Given the continuous decline in global runoff data availability over the past decades, alternative approaches for runoff determination are gaining importance. When aiming for global scale runoff at a sufficient temporal resolution and with homogeneous accuracy, the choice to use spaceborne sensors is only a logical step. In this respect, we take water storage changes from Gravity Recovery And Climate Explorer (GRACE) results and water level measurements from satellite altimetry, and present a comprehensive assessment of five different approaches for river runoff estimation:hydrological balance equation, hydro-meteorological balance equation, satellite altimetry with quantile functionbased stage-discharge relationships, a rudimentary instantaneous runoff-precipitation relationship, and a runoff-storage relationship that takes time lag into account. As a common property, these approaches do not rely on hydrological modeling; they are either purely data driven or make additional use of atmospheric reanalyses. Further, these methods, except runoff-precipitation ratio, use geodetic observables as one of their inputs and, therefore, they are termed hydro-geodetic approaches. The runoff prediction skill of these approaches is validated against in situ runoff and compared to hydrological model predictions. Our results show that catchment-specific methods (altimetry and runoff- storage relationship) clearly outperform the global methods (hydrological and hydrometeorological approaches) in the six study regions we considered. The global methods have the potential to provide runoff over all landmasses, which implies gauged and ungauged basins alike, but are still limited due to inconsistencies in the global hydrological and hydro-meteorological datasets that they use.
机译：鉴于过去几十年来全球径流数据可用性的持续下降，径流确定的替代方法变得越来越重要。当以足够的时间分辨率和均一的精度来实现全球规模的径流时，选择使用星载传感器只是一个合理的步骤。在这方面，我们从重力恢复和气候探索器（GRACE）结果中获取了蓄水量变化，并从卫星测高仪中获取了水位测量结果，并对五种不同的河流径流估算方法进行了综合评估：水文平衡方程，水文气象平衡方程，具有基于分位数功能的阶段放电关系，最基本的瞬时径流-降水关系以及考虑了时间滞后的径流-存储关系的卫星测高仪。作为一种共同属性，这些方法不依赖水文模型。它们要么纯粹是数据驱动的，要么是另外利用了大气再分析。此外，除径流-降水比外，这些方法均使用大地测量观测值作为其输入之一，因此被称为水文大地测量方法。这些方法的径流预测技能已针对原地径流进行了验证，并与水文模型预测进行了比较。我们的结果表明，在我们考虑的六个研究区域中，针对流域的特定方法（测高和径流与蓄水的关系）明显优于全局方法（水文和水文气象方法）。全球方法有可能在所有陆块上提供径流，这意味着一定范围内的流域和未流域都一样，但由于它们使用的全球水文和水文气象数据集的不一致，仍然受到限制。

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