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首页> 外文期刊>Systematics and Biodiversity >Diversity and biogeography of freshwater crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamidae, Gecarcinucidae) from East Asia
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Diversity and biogeography of freshwater crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamidae, Gecarcinucidae) from East Asia

机译：东亚淡水蟹（甲壳纲：Brachyura：Potamidae，Gecarcinucidae）的多样性和生物地理

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摘要

The diversity and biogeography of the two families of freshwater crabs in East Asia (China, Taiwan, Ryukyus and mainland Japan) were studied. The richness in different areas, as well as the distributions of all 40 genera and 311 species were analysed, the patterns examined and possible mechanisms discussed. The published data of freshwater crab species and their distributions in East Asia were analysed by using clustering, diversity index and graphical methods. Six biogeographical districts were recognized for the East Asian freshwater crabs based on similarity of distribution: (I) Hengduanshan Area, including Yunnan and Tibet; (II) Karst Area of Guizhou; (III) Yangtze River Basin, extending to Yellow River basin, with three subdivisions; (IV) Wuyishan Area and Pearl River Basin in Southeast and South China; (V) Hainan Island; and (VI) East Asian Islands, with subdivisions of Taiwan, Ryukyus and mainland Japan. The most diverse genera are the potamids Sinopotamon (84 species) and Geothelphusa (54 species), as well as the gecarcinucid Somanniathelphusa (27 species). Yunnan has the highest species richness (48 species) and diversity (Shannon index 2.21) in continental China, while Taiwan has the highest species richness (42 species) of the island systems. The distribution of the species of the potamid Sinopotamon and other genera along China's longest drainage, the Yangtze River, can be subdivided into several zones corresponding to the upper, middle and lower reaches of the river basin. The freshwater crab fauna of continental China, the East Asian islands and Hainan Island were all different from each other, and this finding agreed with the findings of molecular phylogenetic studies. The distribution of freshwater crabs in the Yangtze River showed a similar pattern with other freshwater organisms in this drainage. The present biogeographical interpretation contrasts sharply with the traditional zoogeographical patterns proposed that are based on Chinese terrestrial vertebrates. The present analyses of crab distributions suggest that Yunnan is a possible centre of origin for the Potamidae of China and perhaps the whole of East Asia. The freshwater crab species richness in Yunnan is probably the result of its generally warmer climate, more diverse habitats and a long history of cladogenesis.
机译：研究了东亚两个淡水蟹科（中国，台湾，琉球和日本大陆）的多样性和生物地理。分析了不同地区的丰富度，以及所有40属和311种的分布，研究了模式并探讨了可能的机制。利用聚类，多样性指数和图形方法分析了淡水蟹物种在东亚的已发布数据及其分布。根据分布的相似性，东亚淡水蟹被确认为六个生物地理区域：（I）横断山区，包括云南和西藏; （二）贵州喀斯特地区; （三）长江流域，延伸至黄河流域，分为三个部分; （四）中国东南和南部的武夷山地区和珠江流域; （五）海南岛; （VI）东亚群岛，分为台湾，琉球和日本大陆。种类最丰富的是波达米亚Spototamon（84种）和Geothelphusa（54种），以及gecarcinucid Somanniathelphusa（27种）。云南是中国大陆上物种丰富度最高的物种（48种）和多样性（香农指数2.21），而台湾是岛上物种丰富度最高的物种（42种）。沿中国最长的排水渠长江沿岸的波达米亚马铃薯和其他属的物种分布可分为几个区域，分别对应于流域的上，中，下游。中国大陆，东亚诸岛和海南岛的淡水蟹动物区系互不相同，这一发现与分子系统发育研究的发现相吻合。长江中的淡水蟹的分布与该流域中的其他淡水生物具有相似的模式。目前的生物地理学解释与基于中国陆生脊椎动物提出的传统动物地理学形成鲜明对比。目前对螃蟹分布的分析表明，云南可能是中国波坦科乃至整个东亚的起源中心。云南的淡水蟹种类丰富，可能是由于其气候总体变暖，生境更加多样以及成长期的历史所致。

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