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Genetic Testing in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes

机译:急性髓性白血病和骨髓增生异常综合症的基因检测

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Cytogenetic analysis of acute myetoid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is essential for disease diagnosis, classification, prognostic stratification, and treatment guidance. Molecular genetic analysis of CEBPA, NPM1, and FLT3 is already standard of care in patients with AML, and mutations in several additional genes are assuming increasing importance. Mutational analysis of certain genes, such as SF3B1, is also becoming an important tool to distinguish subsets of MDS that have different biologic behaviors. It is still uncertain how to optimally combine karyotype with mutation data in diagnosis and risk-stratification of AML and MDS, particularly in cases with multiple mutations and/ or several mutationally distinct subclones.
机译:急性骨髓性白血病(AML)和骨髓增生异常综合症(MDS)的细胞遗传学分析对于疾病诊断,分类,预后分层和治疗指导至关重要。 CEBPA,NPM1和FLT3的分子遗传学分析已经成为AML患者的标准治疗方法,并且几个其他基因的突变正变得越来越重要。某些基因(例如SF3B1)的突变分析也正成为区分具有不同生物学行为的MDS子集的重要工具。在AML和MDS的诊断和风险分层中,如何将核型与突变数据最佳结合仍然是不确定的,尤其是在具有多个突变和/或几个突变不同的亚克隆的情况下。

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