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UV Raman lidar for profiling atmospheric water vapor

机译：UV拉曼激光雷达，用于分析大气中的水蒸气

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摘要

Measurements of the atmospheric water vapor over all timescales and extensive spatial regions are essential for studies of air quality, local weather, and climate change. The Raman lidar is a laser-based remote sensing instrument that is used for profiling the water vapor mixing ratio, the atmospheric temperature, and several cloud- and aerosol-related quantities. Raman lidar applications are based on the measurements of the weak inelastic scattering of light by molecules with frequency shift characteristics, as a function of the range. Since 2000, we have developed several Raman lidar systems for measuring water vapor. One such system is the lidar installed at Shigaraki MU Radar Observatory, Japan; it is designed for high-sensitivity water vapor measurements at an altitude range of 1.5-10 km with a high-power laser and a large telescope. Other systems include the portable Raman lidar that can be transported using a one-box-type vehicle and used for studying the distribution of the water vapor in the lower troposphere in various observation fields such as volcanoes and forests. These Raman lidar systems use a visible laser wavelength because of the quality limitations of optical components such as narrow-band interference filters, although the visible laser wavelength is not always safe for human eyes.
机译：在所有时间尺度和广阔空间区域内测量大气水蒸气，对于研究空气质量，当地天气和气候变化至关重要。拉曼激光雷达是一种基于激光的遥感仪器，用于对水蒸气混合比，大气温度以及与云和气溶胶有关的一些量进行分析。拉曼激光雷达的应用基于具有频移特性的分子对光的弱非弹性散射的测量，该分子是该范围的函数。自2000年以来，我们开发了几种用于测量水蒸气的拉曼激光雷达系统。一种这样的系统是安装在日本Shigaraki MU雷达天文台的激光雷达。它专为使用高功率激光和大型望远镜在1.5-10 km的海拔范围内进行高灵敏度水蒸气测量而设计。其他系统包括便携式拉曼激光雷达，该激光雷达可以使用单箱式运输工具运输，并用于研究火山和森林等各种观测场中对流层下部水蒸气的分布。这些拉曼激光雷达系统使用可见激光波长是因为诸如窄带干涉滤光片等光学组件的质量限制，尽管可见激光波长并不总是对人眼安全。

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