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首页> 外文期刊>Parasitology >Endoparasitism in colonial hosts: patterns and processes.
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Endoparasitism in colonial hosts: patterns and processes.

机译：结肠寄主内膜炎：模式和过程。

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This study begins to redress our lack of knowledge of the interactions between colonial hosts and their parasites by focusing on a novel host-parasite system. Investigations of freshwater bryozoan populations revealed that infection by myxozoan parasites is widespread. Covert infections were detected in all 5 populations studied and were often at high prevalence while overt infections were observed in only 1. Infections were persistent in populations subject to temporal sampling. Negative effects of infection were identified but virulence was low. Infection did not induce mortality in the environmental conditions studied. However, the production of statoblasts (dormant propagules) was greatly reduced in bryozoans with overt infections in comparison to uninfected bryozoans. Overtly-infected bryozoans also grew more slowly and had low fission rates relative to colonies lacking overt infection. Bryozoans with covert infections were smaller than uninfected bryozoans. High levels of vertical transmission were achieved through colony fission and the infection of statoblasts. Increased fission rates may be a strategy for hosts to escape from parasites but the parasite can also exploit the fragmentation of colonial hosts to gain vertical transmission and dispersal. Our study provides evidence that opportunities and constraints for host-parasite co-evolution can be highly dependent on organismal body plans and that low virulence may be associated with exploitation of colonial hosts by endoparasites.
机译：这项研究通过集中于新型寄主－寄生虫系统开始解决我们对殖民寄主及其寄生虫之间相互作用的认识不足的问题。对淡水苔藓虫种群的调查表明，粘虫寄生虫感染很普遍。在所研究的所有5个人群中都发现了隐性感染，而且这些人群的患病率很高，而只有1个人群中发现了隐性感染。在接受时间采样的人群中，感染持续存在。确定了感染的负面影响，但毒力很低。在研究的环境条件下，感染不会引起死亡。然而，与未感染的苔藓动物相比，在明显感染的苔藓动物中，成胚细胞（休眠繁殖体）的产量大大降低。相对于缺乏明显感染的菌落，被过度感染的苔藓动物的生长也更加缓慢并且裂变率低。隐性感染的苔藓动物小于未感染的苔藓动物。高水平的垂直传播是通过菌落分裂和成层细胞感染实现的。增加裂变率可能是寄主从寄生虫中逃脱的一种策略，但该寄生虫也可以利用殖民地寄主的破碎来获得垂直传播和扩散。我们的研究提供了证据，寄主-寄生虫共同进化的机会和限制可能高度依赖于机体计划，并且低毒力可能与内寄生虫对殖民宿主的利用有关。

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