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Effects of anthropogenic and demographic factors on patterns of parasitism in African small mammal communities

机译：人为和人口因素对非洲小型哺乳动物群落寄生模式的影响

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摘要

Habitat disturbance often results in alterations in community structure of small mammals. Additionally, the parasites harboured by these small mammals may be impacted by environmental changes or indirectly affected by changes in available hosts. To improve our understanding of this interplay, we examined the patterns of parasitism in small mammal communities from a variety of habitats in forested Uganda. Small mammals were collected from areas experiencing variable habitat disturbance, host density and species richness. The analysis focused on 3 most abundant rodent species, Lophuromys aquilus, Praomys jacksoni and Hylomyscus stella, and a diverse group of parasites they harbour. The impact of various habitat and host community factors on parasite prevalence was examined using linear regression and Spearman's rank-order correlation. We further investigated the parasite communities associated with each individual using correspondence analysis. We determined that, parasite prevalence and richness may be occasionally influenced by community and habitat factors, but taxonomy is a driving force in influencing the parasite community harboured by an individual host. Ultimately, applying general principles across a broad range of disturbance levels and diverse host communities needs to be approached with caution in complex communities.
机译：栖息地干扰通常会导致小型哺乳动物的群落结构发生变化。此外，这些小型哺乳动物所藏有的寄生虫可能会受到环境变化的影响，或间接受到可用宿主变化的影响。为了增进对这种相互作用的理解，我们检查了乌干达森林中各种生境的小型哺乳动物群落中的寄生虫模式。小型哺乳动物是从栖息地受到干扰，寄主密度和物种丰富度变化的地区收集的。分析的重点是3种最丰富的啮齿动物，即Lophuromys aquilus，Praomys jacksoni和Hylomyscus stella，以及它们所栖息的各种寄生虫。使用线性回归和Spearman的秩序相关性检验了各种栖息地和寄主社区因素对寄生虫患病率的影响。我们使用对应分析进一步调查了与每个个体相关的寄生虫群落。我们确定，寄生虫的患病率和丰富度可能偶尔受到社区和栖息地因素的影响，但分类学是影响单个宿主所藏有的寄生虫社区的驱动力。最终，在复杂的社区中，必须谨慎地将一般原则应用于广泛的干扰级别和不同的东道社区。

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