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A descriptive study of the prevalence of parasites and pathogens in Chinese black honeybees

机译：描述性研究中国黑蜜蜂中的寄生虫和病原体

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摘要

The Chinese black honey bee is a distinct honey bee subspecies distributed in the Xinjiang, Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces of China. We conducted a study to investigate the genetic origin and the parasite/pathogen profile on Chinese black honeybees. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that Chinese black honeybees were two distinct groups: one group of bees formed a distinct clade that was most similar to Apis mellifera mellifera and the other group was a hybrid of the subspecies, Apis mellifera carnica, Apis mellifera anatolica and Apis mellifera caucasica. This suggests that the beekeeping practices might have promoted gene flow between different subspecies. Screening for pathogens and parasites showed that Varroa destructor and viruses were detected at low prevalence in Chinese black honeybees, compared with Italian bees. Further, a population of pure breeding black honeybees, A. m. mellifera, displayed a high degree of resistance to Varroa. No Varroa mites or Deformed wing virus could be detected in any examined bee colonies. This finding suggests that a population of pure breeding Chinese black honeybees possess some natural resistance to Varroa and indicated the need or importance for the conservation of the black honeybees in China.
机译：中国黑蜜蜂是分布在中国新疆，黑龙江和吉林省的独特蜜蜂亚种。我们进行了一项研究，以调查中国黑蜜蜂的遗传起源和寄生虫/病原体概况。系统发育分析表明，中国黑蜜蜂是两个不同的群体：一组蜜蜂形成了与蜜蜂最相似的独特进化枝，另一组是蜜蜂亚种的杂交种，蜜蜂是蜜蜂的亚种，蜜蜂是蜜蜂的亚种。高加索。这表明养蜂实践可能促进了不同亚种之间的基因流动。病原体和寄生虫的筛查表明，与意大利蜜蜂相比，中国黑蜜蜂中检出的Varroa破坏力和病毒水平较低。此外，还有一群纯种黑蜜蜂，A。m.。 mellifera，表现出高度抗Varroa的能力。在任何检查过的蜂群中均未检出瓦罗螨或变形翅病毒。这一发现表明，纯种的中国黑蜜蜂种群对天花具有一定的天然抗性，并表明了在中国保护黑蜜蜂的必要性或重要性。

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