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首页> 外文期刊>Parasitology >Alpha proteobacteria of genus Anaplasma (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae): Epidemiology and characteristics of Anaplasma species related to veterinary and public health importance
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Alpha proteobacteria of genus Anaplasma (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae): Epidemiology and characteristics of Anaplasma species related to veterinary and public health importance

机译：Anaplasma属的α变形杆菌（Rickettsiales：Anaplasmataceae）：与兽医和公共卫生重要性相关的Anaplasma种类的流行病学和特征

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摘要

The Anaplasma species are important globally distributed tick-transmitted bacteria of veterinary and public health importance. These pathogens, cause anaplasmosis in domestic and wild animal species including humans. Rhipicephalus, Ixodes, Dermacentor and Amblyomma genera of ticks are the important vectors of Anaplasma. Acute anaplasmosis is usually diagnosed upon blood smear examination followed by antibodies and nucleic acid detection. All age groups are susceptible but prevalence increases with age. Serological cross-reactivity is one of the important issues among Anaplasma species. They co-exist and concurrent infections occur in animals and ticks in same geographic area. These are closely related bacteria and share various common attributes which should be considered while developing vaccines and diagnostic assays. Movement of susceptible animals from non-endemic to endemic regions is the major risk factor of bovine/ovine anaplasmosis and tick-borne fever. Tetracyclines are currently available drugs for clearance of infection and treatment in humans and animals. Worldwide vaccine is not yet available. Identification, elimination of reservoirs, vector control (chemical and biological), endemic stability, habitat modification, rearing of tick resistant breeds, chemotherapy and tick vaccination are major control measures of animal anaplasmosis. Identification of reservoirs and minimizing the high-risk tick exposure activities are important control strategies for human granulocytic anaplasmosis.
机译：Anaplasma物种是重要的全球分布的tick传播细菌，对兽医和公共卫生具有重要意义。这些病原体引起包括人类在内的家畜和野生动物物种的肛门菌病。壁虱的Rhipicephalus，Ixodes，Dermacentor和Amblyomma属是无形体的重要载体。通常在血液涂片检查后再诊断抗体和核酸，即可诊断出急性厌氧菌病。所有年龄段的人均易感，但患病率随年龄增长而增加。血清学交叉反应性是无形体物种之间的重要问题之一。它们共存，并发感染发生在同一地理区域的动物和tick中。这些是密​​切相关的细菌，并具有各种共同的属性，在开发疫苗和诊断测定法时应予以考虑。易感动物从非地方性地区转移到地方性地区是牛/绵羊类质体病和tick传热的主要危险因素。四环素是目前可用于清除人和动物感染和治疗的药物。全球疫苗尚不可用。鉴定，消除水库，媒介控制（化学和生物学），地方性稳定性，生境改变，抗tick虫品种的饲养，化学疗法和tick虫疫苗接种是动物无形体病的主要控制措施。识别水库和最大程度地减少高风险tick暴露活动是人类粒细胞无形体病的重要控制策略。

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