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首页> 外文期刊>Parasitology >Species delimitation in trematodes using DNA sequences: Middle-American Clinostomum as a case study
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Species delimitation in trematodes using DNA sequences: Middle-American Clinostomum as a case study

机译：利用DNA序列对吸虫的物种定界：以中美洲斜纹肌瘤为例

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摘要

The recent development of genetic methods allows the delineation of species boundaries, especially in organisms where morphological characters are not reliable to differentiate species. However, few empirical studies have used these tools to delineate species among parasitic metazoans. Here we investigate the species boundaries of Clinostomum, a cosmopolitan trematode genus with complex life cycle. We sequenced a mitochondrial [cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI)] gene for multiple individuals (adults and metacercariae) from Middle-America. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of the COI uncovered five reciprocally monophyletic clades. COI sequences were then explored using the Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery to identify putative species; this species delimitation method recognized six species. A subsample was sequenced for a nuclear gene (ITS1, 5 center dot 8S, ITS2), and a concatenated phylogenetic analysis was performed through Bayesian inference. The species delimitation of Middle-American Clinostomum was finally validated using a multispecies coalescent analysis (species tree). In total, five putative species are recognized among our samples. Mapping the second intermediate hosts (fish) onto the species tree suggests that metacercariae of these five species exhibit some level of host specificity towards their fish intermediate host (at the family level), irrespective of geographical distribution.
机译：遗传方法的最新发展允许划定物种边界，特别是在形态特征不可靠地区分物种的生物中。但是，很少有经验研究使用这些工具来描述寄生后生动物中的物种。在这里，我们研究了具有复杂生命周期的大都会吸虫属的斜纹癣菌的物种边界。我们对来自中美洲的多个个体（成人和尾cer）的线粒体[细胞色素C氧化酶亚基I（COI）]基因进行了测序。贝叶斯系统发育分析的COI发现了五个相互单系进化枝。然后使用自动条形码间隙发现技术探索COI序列，以识别推定的物种。这种物种划界方法可识别六种。对子样本进行了核基因（ITS1、5个中心点8S，ITS2）的测序，并通过贝叶斯推断进行了系统发育分析。最后，使用多物种合并分析（物种树）验证了中美洲斜纹动物的物种划界。在我们的样本中总共识别出五个推定物种。将第二个中间宿主（鱼）映射到物种树上表明，这五个物种的尾cer对它们的鱼类中间宿主（在家庭一级）表现出一定水平的宿主特异性，而与地理分布无关。

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