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Heterozygosity and parasite intensity: lung parasites in the water frog hybridization complex

机译：杂合度和寄生虫强度：水蛙杂交复合物中的肺部寄生虫

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摘要

In hybridogenetic systems, hybrid individuals are fully heterozygous because one of the parental genomes is discarded from the germinal line before meiosis. Such systems offer the opportunity to investigate the influence of heterozygosity on susceptibility to parasites. We studied the intensity of lung parasites (the roundworm Rhabdias bufomis and the fluke Haplometra cylindracea) in 3 populations of water frogs of the Rana lessonae-esculenta complex in eastern France. In these mixed populations, hybrid frogs (R, esculenta) outnumbered parental ones {R. lessonae). Despite variation in parasite intensity and demographic variability among populations, the relationship between host age and intensity of parasitism suggests a higher susceptibility in parentals than in hybrids. Mortality is probably enhanced by lung parasites in parental frogs. On the other hand, while parental frogs harboured higher numbers of H. cylindracea than hybrid frogs, the latter had higher numbers of R, bufonis. Despite such discrepancies, these results support the hybrid resistance hypothesis, although other factors, such as differences in body size, age-related immunity, differential exposure risks and hemiclonal selection, could also contribute to the observed patterns of infection.
机译：在杂交遗传系统中，杂种个体是完全杂合的，因为减数分裂前从发芽系中丢弃了一个亲本基因组。这样的系统提供了研究杂合性对寄生虫敏感性的影响的机会。我们研究了法国东部Rana lessonae-esculenta复合体的3种水蛙种群中肺寄生虫（the虫Rhabdias bufomis和Haplometra cylindracea）的强度。在这些混合种群中，杂交青蛙（R，esculenta）的数量超过了亲代青蛙。课）。尽管人群中的寄生虫强度和人口统计学差异存在差异，但寄主年龄与寄生虫强度之间的关系表明，父母亲的易感性高于杂种。亲代青蛙的肺部寄生虫可能会增加死亡率。另一方面，虽然亲本青蛙比杂种青蛙拥有更多的H. cindindracea，但后者具有更高的R，bufonis。尽管存在这些差异，但这些结果仍支持杂种抗性假设，尽管其他因素（例如体型差异，与年龄相关的免疫力，不同的暴露风险和半殖民地选择）也可能有助于观察到感染模式。

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