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首页> 外文期刊>Parasitology >Ambient fauna impairs parasite transmission in a marine parasite-host system.
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Ambient fauna impairs parasite transmission in a marine parasite-host system.

机译：环境动物会破坏海洋寄生虫-宿主系统中的寄生虫传播。

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摘要

To understand possible factors controlling transmission of trematode larvae between first and second intermediate hosts we examined the impact of ambient fauna on parasite transmission in a marine intertidal parasite-host association. Cockle hosts (Cerastoderma edule) kept together with selected co-occurring macrozoobenthic species in mesocosms acquired a lower parasite load compared to cockles kept alone, when targeted by cercariae of the trematode Himasthla elongata. The reduction of parasite load in the cockles differed between the 7 macrozoobenthic species tested and was between 35 and 91%. Three different types of reduction could be distinguished: (1) predators (Carcinus maenas, Crangon crangon) actively preying upon cercariae, (2) non-host filter feeders (Crepidula fornicata, Mya arenaria, Crassostrea gigas) filtering cercariae but not becoming infected and (3) alternative hosts (Mytilus edulis, Macoma balthica) becoming infected by the cercariae and thus distracting cercariae from the target hosts. In addition, interference competition may occur in the form of disturbance of cockles by ambient organisms resulting in lower filtration rates and subsequently lower parasite loads. Our results suggest that the species composition and relative abundance of the ambient fauna of parasite-host systems play an important role in controlling trematode transmission rates in benthic marine systems.
机译：为了了解控制第一和第二中间宿主之间的吸虫幼虫传播的可能因素，我们在海洋潮间带寄生虫-宿主协会中研究了周围动物对寄生虫传播的影响。与仅单独饲养的鸟蛤相比，当被吸虫气门纲的长尾Hi作为目标时，与中养动物一起饲养的鸟蛤宿主（Cerastoderma edule）与选定的共同存在的大型动物群相比，寄生虫负荷较低。在测试的7种大型动物中，鸟蛤中寄生虫负荷的减少有所不同，介于35％和91％之间。可以区分三种不同的减少方式：（1）捕食者（捕食者Carcinus maenas，Crangon crangon）积极捕食尾c，（2）非寄主滤食者（Crepidula fornicata，Mya arenaria，Crassostrea gigas）过滤尾c但未被感染和（3）替代寄主（可食紫癜，苹果Macoth balthica）被尾c感染，从而从目标寄主转移了尾c的注意力。另外，干扰竞争可能以周围生物干扰鸟蛤的形式发生，从而导致较低的过滤速率和随后较低的寄生虫负荷。我们的结果表明，寄生生物宿主系统的物种组成和周围动物的相对丰度在控制底栖海洋系统中吸虫传播速率中起着重要作用。

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