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首页> 外文期刊>Parasitology >Tracking a heterosis effect in the field: tadpole resistance to parasites in the water frog hybridogenetic complex.
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Tracking a heterosis effect in the field: tadpole resistance to parasites in the water frog hybridogenetic complex.

机译：跟踪该领域的杂种优势：:对水蛙杂交遗传复合物中寄生虫的抗性。

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摘要

Depending on the extent of evolutionary divergence among parent taxa, hybrids may suffer from a breakdown of co-adapted genes or may conversely exhibit vigour due to the heterosis effect, which confers advantages to increased genetic diversity. That last mechanism could explain the success of hybrids when hybridization zones are large and long lasting, such as in the water frog hybridization complex. In this hybridogenetic system, hybrid individuals exhibit full heterozygosity that makes it possible to investigate in situ the impact of hybridization. We have compared parasite intensity between hybrid Rana esculenta and parental R. lessonae individuals at the tadpole stage in two populations inhabiting contrasted habitats. We estimated intensity of Gyrinicola sp. (Nematoda) in the gut, Echinostome metacercariae in the kidneys and Haplometra cylindracea in the body cavity (both species belong to Trematoda). Despite high sampling effort, no variation in parasite intensity was detected between taxa, except a possible higher tolerance to H. cylindracea in hybrid tadpoles. The low effect of hybridization suggests efficient gene co-adaptation between the two genomes that could result from hemiclonal selection. Variation in infection intensity among ponds could support the Red Queen hypothesis.
机译：取决于亲本分类群之间进化差异的程度，杂种可能会遭受共同适应基因的破坏，或者由于杂种效应而可能相反地表现出活力，这赋予了遗传多样性增加的优势。当杂交区域很大且持续时间很长时，例如在水蛙杂交复合体中，后一种机制可以解释杂交的成功。在这种杂交系统中，杂种个体表现出完全的杂合性，这使得就地研究杂交的影响成为可能。我们已经比较了两个R栖息地中两个种群在hybrid期的杂食性蛙蛙和亲本R.lessonae个体之间的寄生虫强度。我们估计了Gyrinicola sp。的强度。 （Nematoda）在肠道中，Echinostome metacercariae在肾脏中，而Haplometra cylindracea在体腔中（这两种都属于Trematoda）。尽管付出了巨大的努力，但在杂种no中可能没有更高的耐受性，但在两类之间没有发现寄生虫强度的变化。杂交的低影响表明两个基因组之间的有效基因共适应可能是由半克隆选择导致的。池塘之间感染强度的变化可能支持红色女王假说。

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