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首页> 外文期刊>Parasitology >Development and application of a delayed-release anthelmintic intra-ruminal bolus system for experimental manipulation of nematode worm burdens
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Development and application of a delayed-release anthelmintic intra-ruminal bolus system for experimental manipulation of nematode worm burdens

机译：缓释驱虫瘤胃内推注系统的开发和应用，用于线虫蠕虫负荷的实验处理

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摘要

In order to quantify the impact of parasites on host population dynamics, experimental manipulations that perturb the parasite-host relationship are needed but, logistically, this is difficult for wild hosts. Here, we describe the use of a delayed-release anthelmintic delivery system that can be administered when the hosts can be captured and its activity delayed until a more appropriate period in the host-parasite cycle. Our model system is Svalbard reindeer infected with a nematode parasite, Marshallagia marshalli, which appears to accumulate during the Arctic winter. To determine the extent to which this occurs and the effect on host fitness, reindeer need to be treated with anthelmintics in late autumn but they can only be caught and handled in April. To solve this problem, we devised an intra-ruminal capsule that releases the anthelmintic from up to 6 months after being administered. The capsule was trialed in cannulated sheep and red deer to determine optimum capsule orifice size and release rates. Capsules were estimated to release placebo for 100-153 days followed by abamectin for 22-34 days. To test the efficacy of treatment in reindeer, capsules were administered in April and retrieved in October. All capsules had fully released the anthelmintic and treated reindeer had significantly lower worm burdens than controls. Thus, success of this system allows repeated treatment over several years to test the effect of winter parasitism on host fitness.
机译：为了量化寄生虫对寄主种群动态的影响，需要进行实验操作以扰动寄生虫与寄主的关系，但是从逻辑上讲，这对于野生寄主而言是困难的。在这里，我们描述了延迟释放驱虫剂传递系统的使用，该系统可以在捕获宿主并将宿主的活动延迟到宿主-寄生虫周期中更合适的时间后进行管理。我们的模型系统是感染了线虫寄生虫Marshallagia marshalli的斯瓦尔巴德驯鹿，它似乎是在北极冬季积聚的。为了确定这种情况发生的程度以及对寄主健康的影响，驯鹿必须在深秋时用驱虫药进行治疗，但只能在4月被捕获和处理。为了解决这个问题，我们设计了一种瘤胃内胶囊，可以在给药后长达6个月的时间内释放驱虫药。该胶囊在羊和马鹿中进行了试验，以确定最佳的胶囊孔尺寸和释放速率。估计胶囊释放安慰剂100-153天，然后释放阿维菌素22-34天。为了测试驯鹿治疗的功效，胶囊于4月施用，10月取回。所有胶囊均充分释放了驱虫药，经过处理的驯鹿的蠕虫负担明显低于对照组。因此，该系统的成功使得可以在数年内重复治疗以测试冬季寄生虫对宿主健康的影响。

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