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首页> 外文期刊>Parasitology >Comparative host-parasite population genetic structures: Obligate fly ectoparasites on Galapagos seabirds
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Comparative host-parasite population genetic structures: Obligate fly ectoparasites on Galapagos seabirds

机译：比较寄主-寄生虫种群遗传结构：加拉帕戈斯海鸟专性蝇外寄生虫

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SUMMARY Parasites often have shorter generation times and, in some cases, faster mutation rates than their hosts, which can lead to greater population differentiation in the parasite relative to the host. Here we present a population genetic study of two ectoparasitic flies, Olfersia spinifera and Olfersia aenescens compared with their respective bird hosts, great frigatebirds (Fregata minor) and Nazca boobies (Sula granti). Olfersia spinifera is the vector of a haemosporidian parasite, Haemoproteus iwa, which infects frigatebirds throughout their range. Interestingly, there is no genetic differentiation in the haemosporidian parasite across this range despite strong genetic differentiation between Galapagos frigatebirds and their non-Galapagos conspecifics. It is possible that the broad distribution of this one H. iwa lineage could be facilitated by movement of infected O. spinifera. Therefore, we predicted more gene flow in both fly species compared with the bird hosts. Mitochondrial DNA sequence data from three genes per species indicated that despite marked differences in the genetic structure of the bird hosts, gene flow was very high in both fly species. A likely explanation involves non-breeding movements of hosts, including movement of juveniles, and movement by adult birds whose breeding attempt has failed, although we cannot rule out the possibility that closely related host species may be involved.
机译：发明内容寄生虫通常具有比其宿主更短的产生时间，并且在某些情况下，具有更快的突变率，这可以导致寄生虫相对于宿主更大的群体分化。在这里，我们介绍了两种外寄生蝇，即棘孢藻（Olfersia spinifera）和粘虫藻（Olfersia aenescens）与它们各自的鸟寄主，大型巡洋鸟（Fregata小鸟）和纳斯卡（鸟（Sula granti）的种群遗传学研究。 Olfersia spinifera是嗜血疟原虫iwa嗜血变形杆菌的载体，可在整个范围内感染军舰鸟。有趣的是，尽管加拉帕戈斯巡洋舰鸟和它们的非加拉帕戈斯同种菌之间有很强的遗传分化，但是在该范围内，血孢子虫没有遗传分化。通过感染的棘孢棘球movement虫的移动，有可能促进这一i。Iwa谱系的广泛分布。因此，我们预测与鸟类寄主相比，这两种蝇类都有更多的基因流。每个物种三个基因的线粒体DNA序列数据表明，尽管鸟类寄主的遗传结构存在显着差异，但两种蝇类的基因流量都很高。可能的解释是宿主的非繁殖运动，包括幼体的运动，以及成年尝试失败的成年鸟类的运动，尽管我们不能排除可能牵涉到密切相关的宿主物种的可能性。

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