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Human contact influences the foraging behaviour and parasite community in long-tailed macaques

机译：人与人的接触会影响长尾猕猴的觅食行为和寄生虫群落

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SUMMARY Human-wildlife interactions have reached unprecedented levels, and humans are influencing the earth's ecosystems more rapidly and extensively than ever before. This situation is cause for serious concern, especially since disease interactions between wildlife and humans have been recognized as major conservation threats. In this study, long-tailed macaques, Macaca fascicularis, from 2 forest parks located in north-eastern Thailand were investigated to determine the influence of habitat modification by humans on helminth parasite associations in non-human primates. Macaque populations with contact to anthropogenically modified environments were compared with sylvatic groups in nearby natural environments. In order to test for human-non-human primate transmission of parasites, the local human populations were also examined. Humans were infected with a number of potentially pathogenic parasites, including Opisthorchis viverrini and Strongyloides stercoralis. However, eggs of these helminths were not detected in macaque feces. Thus, no direct parasite transfer from humans to non-human primates could be confirmed. However, macaque groups with more frequent contact with human-modified habitats, and a higher portion of human-provided food in their diet, had significantly higher prevalences and intensities of Strongyloides fuelleborni and of an intestinal fluke (probably Haplorchis sp.) than sylvatic groups. Positive correlations were found between the time foraging on the ground and infection with S. fuelleborni, and the amount of human-provided food and intestinal fluke infection. Human alteration of habitat and associated modifications in non-human primate behaviour are likely to play a role in determining the occurrence, prevalence and intensity of zoonotic helminth infection of wild non-human primates. ? Cambridge University Press 2013.
机译：小结人类与野生动物的相互作用达到了前所未有的水平，人类比以往任何时候都更迅速，更广泛地影响着地球的生态系统。这种情况引起了人们的严重关注，特别是由于野生生物和人类之间的疾病相互作用已被视为主要的保护威胁。在这项研究中，对位于泰国东北部2个森林公园的长尾猕猴Macaca fascicularis进行了调查，以确定人类栖息地的改变对非人类灵长类动物的蠕虫寄生虫协会的影响。将与人为改变环境接触的猕猴种群与附近自然环境中的sylvatic种群进行了比较。为了测试人非人的灵长类动物的寄生虫传播，还对当地人口进行了检查。人类感染了许多潜在的病原性寄生虫，包括维氏梭菌（Opisthorchis viverrini）和固结菌（Strongyloides stercoralis）。但是，在猕猴粪便中未检测到这些蠕虫的卵。因此，无法确认从人到非人灵长类动物的直接寄生虫转移。但是，猕猴群与人类改变的栖息地接触的频率更高，并且饮食中人类提供食物的比例更高，因此与猕猴群相比，猕猴蝇和肠道吸虫（可能是Haplorchis sp。）的患病率和强度明显更高。 。发现在地面觅食的时间和感染加油菌的时间与人类提供的食物和肠道吸虫的感染量之间存在正相关。人类栖息地的改变以及非人类灵长类动物行为的相关修饰可能在确定野生非人类灵长类动物的人畜共患性蠕虫感染的发生，流行和强度方面发挥着作用。 ？剑桥大学出版社，2013年。

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