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首页> 外文期刊>Parassitologia >Impact of placental malaria and HIV co-infection on congenital malaria and perinatal HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa: an overview
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Impact of placental malaria and HIV co-infection on congenital malaria and perinatal HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa: an overview

机译：撒哈拉以南非洲地区胎盘疟疾和HIV合并感染对先天性疟疾和围产期HIV传播的影响：概述

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摘要

Malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection constitute serious public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa and critically intersect in pregnancy producing adverse outcomes. Studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa from 1996 to 2006 thatinvestigated effects of placental malaria and HIV co-infection on perinatal transmission of malaria and HIV, were identified using the Medline search, and systematically reviewed. Maternal malaria and HIV co-infection prevalence ranged from 1.9% to 16.0%and rates of placental malaria were consistently higher in the HIV-positive than the HIV-negative mothers. In two of the three studies conducted in Malawi, the prevalence of parasitaemia in the umbilical cord blood was higher among the newborns delivered by HIV-positive than HIV-negative women, while in the third study the reverse was the case but parasite densities were generally higher in HIV infected women. Multivariate analysis conducted by one of the reviewed studies demonstrated that HIV infection was an important determinant of umbilical cord parasitaemia. Conflicting results were reported on the effect of placental parasitaemia on the risk of perinatal HIV transmission, and ranged from an increased risk in Uganda, to no effect in Mombasa, Kenya, and a significant protective effect in Kisumu, Kenya. In spite of the variations in the reports of the studies reviewed, all findings seemed to suggest that making motherhood safer is an urgent priority in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore the provision of integrated preventive and curative health services for pregnant women that are sustainable and affordable in areas heavily affected by malaria and HIV is crucial for reducing the burden of the two diseases.
机译：疟疾和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染在撒哈拉以南非洲构成了严重的公共卫生挑战，并且在怀孕期间严重交叉，产生了不良后果。 1996年至2006年在撒哈拉以南非洲进行的研究，通过Medline搜索确定了胎盘疟疾和HIV合并感染对围产期疟疾和HIV传播的影响，并进行了系统评价。孕产妇疟疾和艾滋病毒的合并感染率在1.9％至16.0％之间，艾滋病毒呈阳性的胎盘疟疾发病率始终高于艾滋病毒呈阴性的母亲。在马拉维进行的三项研究中的两项研究中，HIV阳性分娩的新生儿中脐带血中寄生虫血症的患病率高于HIV阴性妇女，而在第三项研究中则相反，但寄生虫密度普遍存在受艾滋病毒感染的女性比例更高。一项回顾性研究进行的多变量分析表明，HIV感染是脐带寄生虫病的重要决定因素。据报道，胎盘寄生虫血症对围产期艾滋病毒传播风险的影响有矛盾的结果，从乌干达的风险增加到肯尼亚的蒙巴萨没有影响，在肯尼亚的基苏木有显着的保护作用。尽管所审查的研究报告各不相同，但所有调查结果似乎都表明，在撒哈拉以南非洲，确保孕产安全是当务之急。因此，在受疟疾和艾滋病毒严重影响的地区，为孕妇提供可持续的和负担得起的综合预防和治疗性保健服务，对于减轻这两种疾病的负担至关重要。

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