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Pliocene Indonesian Throughflow and Leeuwin Current dynamics: Implications for Indian Ocean polar heat flux

机译：上新世印度尼西亚通流和吕氏流动力学：对印度洋极地热通量的影响

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To understand the gradual global cooling during the mid-Pliocene (3.5-2.5 Myr ago) one needs to consider the tectonical constriction of tropical seaways, which affected ocean circulation and the evolution of climate. Here we use paired measurements of σ8O and Mg/Ca ratios of planktonic foraminifera to reconstruct the Pliocene hydrography of the western tropical Indian Ocean (Site 709C) and changes in the Leeuwin Current in the eastern subtropical Indian Ocean (Site 763A) in response to Indonesian Gateway dynamics. Today, the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) and, subsequently, the warm southward flowing Leeuwin Current off Western Australia are essential for the polar heat transport in the Indian Ocean. During 3.5-3 Ma, sea surface temperatures significantly dropped in the Leeuwin Current area, becoming since ～3.3 Ma 2°C-3°C cooler than the rather unchanged sea surface temperatures from the eastern and western tropical Indian Ocean. We refer this drop in sea surface temperatures to a weakened Leeuwin Current with severe climatic effects on Western Australia induced by a tectonically reduced surface ITF. We suggest that this reduced surface ITF led to a diminished poleward heat transport in the Indian Ocean resulting in a weakened Leeuwin Current and possibly to cooling of the Benguela upwelling system.
机译：要了解上新世中期（3.5-2.5 Myr以前）逐渐的全球降温，需要考虑热带航道的构造收缩，这影响了海洋环流和气候的演变。在这里，我们使用成对的浮游有孔虫的σ8O和Mg / Ca比值的测量值来重建热带西印度洋（站点709C）的上新世水文和响应于印尼的东亚热带印度洋（站点763A）的露温流的变化。网关动态。如今，印尼通流（ITF）以及随后西澳大利亚州南部向南流动的吕温洋流对印度洋极地热传输至关重要。在3.5-3 Ma期间，Leeuwin Current地区的海面温度显着下降，自〜3.3 Ma以来，比东部和西部热带印度洋的海面温度保持不变的温度低2°C-3°C。我们将海面温度的下降归因于减弱的吕温海流，这是由于表面ITF构造减少导致的对西澳大利亚州的严重气候影响。我们认为，这种减少的地表ITF导致印度洋极向热传递的减弱，导致减弱的吕温流，并可能导致本格拉上升流系统的冷却。

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