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首页> 外文期刊>Palaios: An International Journal of the Society of Economic Paleontologists & Mineralogists >Evidence of late Pliocene-early Pleistocene marine environments in the deep subsurface of the Lihue Basin, Kauai, Hawaii
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Evidence of late Pliocene-early Pleistocene marine environments in the deep subsurface of the Lihue Basin, Kauai, Hawaii

机译：夏威夷考艾岛Lihue盆地深表层晚更新世-早更新世海洋环境的证据

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摘要

Cuttings recovered from two deep exploratory wells in the Lihue Basin, Kauai, Hawaii, include fossiliferous marine deposits that offer an uncommon opportunity to study paleoenvironments from the deep subsurface in Hawaii and interpret the paleogeography and geologic history of Kauai. These deposits indicate that two marine incursions gave rise to protected shallow-water, low-energy embayments in the southern part of the Lihue Basin in the late Pliocene-early Pleistocene. During the first marine incursion, the embayment was initially zoned, with a variable-salinity environment nearshore and a normal-marine reef environment offshore. The offshore reef environment eventually evolved to a nearshore, variable-salinity environment as the outer part of the embayment shallowed. During the second marine incursion, the embayment had normal-marine to hypersaline conditions, which constitute a significant departure from the variable-salinity environment present during the first marine incursion. Large streams draining the southern Lihue Basin are a likely source of the freshwater that caused the salinity fluctuations evident in the fossils from the first marine incursion. Subsequent volcanic eruptions produced lava flows that buried the embayment and probably diverted much of the stream flow in the southern Lihue Basin northward, to its present point of discharge north of Kalepa Ridge. As a result, the embayment that formed during the second marine incursion received less freshwater, and a normal-marine to hypersaline environment developed. The shallow-water marine deposits, currently buried between 86 m and 185 m below present sea level, have implications for regional tectonics and global eustasy.
机译：从夏威夷考艾岛利胡埃盆地的两个深探井中采集的岩屑包括化石海洋沉积物，这些矿物沉积物为研究夏威夷深层地下古环境和解释考艾岛的古地理和地质历史提供了难得的机会。这些矿床表明，两次海洋入侵在上新世晚期至早更新世的利胡埃盆地南部形成了受保护的浅水低能航道。在第一次海洋入侵期间，最初对诱饵进行了分区，在近海具有可变盐度的环境，在近海具有普通海洋礁的环境。随着航道外部的逐渐变浅，近海礁环境最终演变为近岸，盐度可变的环境。在第二次海洋入侵期间，该航道具有从正常海水到高盐度的条件，这与第一次海洋入侵期间存在的盐度可变的环境有很大的不同。排入南部利胡埃盆地的大溪流很可能是淡水的来源，这导致了第一次海洋入侵以来化石中明显的盐度波动。随后的火山喷发产生了熔岩流，这些熔岩流掩埋了河堤，并可能将南部利胡埃盆地北部的大部分溪流向北转移至卡莱帕山脊以北的当前排放点。结果，在第二次海洋入侵期间形成的诱集物接收到的淡水较少，并且发展了从正常海水到高盐度的环境。目前埋在当前海平面以下86 m至185 m之间的浅水海洋沉积物对区域构造和全球摇头丸有影响。

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