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首页> 外文期刊>PASJ: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan >Determination of three-dimensional spin-orbit angle with joint analysis of asteroseismology, transit lightcurve, and the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect: Cases of HAT-P-7 and Kepler-25
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Determination of three-dimensional spin-orbit angle with joint analysis of asteroseismology, transit lightcurve, and the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect: Cases of HAT-P-7 and Kepler-25

机译：结合星震学，瞬态光曲线和Rossiter-McLaughlin效应的联合分析确定三维自旋角：HAT-P-7和Kepler-25的情况

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We develop a detailed methodology of determining three-dimensionally the angle between the stellar spin and the planetary orbit axis vectors, psi, for transiting planetary systems. The determination of psi requires the independent estimates of the inclination angles of the stellar spin axis and of the planetary orbital axis with respect to the line of sight, i(star) and i(orb), and the projection of the spin-orbit angle on to the plane of the sky, lambda. These are mainly derived from asteroseismology, transit lightcurve, and the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect, respectively. The detailed joint analysis of those three datasets enables an accurate and precise determination of the numerous parameters characterizing the planetary system, in addition to psi. We demonstrate the power of the joint analysis for the two specific systems HAT-P-7 and Kepler-25. HAT-P-7b is the first exoplanet suspected to be a retrograde (or polar) planet because of the significant misalignment lambda approximate to 180 degrees. Our joint analysis indicates i(star) approximate to 30 degrees and psi approximate to 120 degrees, suggesting that the planetary orbit is closer to polar rather than retrograde. Kepler-25 is one of the few multi-transiting planetary systems with measured lambda, and hosts two short-period transiting planets and one outer non-transiting planet. The projected spin-orbit angle of the larger transiting planet, Kepler-25c, has been measured to be lambda approximate to 0 degrees, implying that the system is well aligned. With the help of the tight constraint from asteroseismology, however, we obtain i(star) = 65 degrees.4(-6 degrees.4)(+10 degrees.6) and psi = 26 degrees.9(-9 degrees.2)(+7 degrees.0), and thus find that the system is actually mildly misaligned. This is the first detection of the spin-orbit misalignment for the multiple planetary system with a main-sequence host star, and points to mechanisms that tilt a stellar spin axis relative to its protoplanetary disk.
机译：我们开发了一种详细的方法，用于确定恒星自旋与行星轨道轴矢量psi之间的角度，以用于过渡行星系统。 psi的确定需要独立估计恒星自旋轴和行星轨道轴相对于视线i（star）和i（orb）的倾斜角，以及自旋轨道角的投影在天空的飞机上，lambda。这些主要分别来自星震学，过渡光曲线和Rossiter-McLaughlin效应。除psi外，对这三个数据集的详细联合分析还可以准确，精确地确定表征行星系统的众多参数。我们展示了针对两个特定系统HAT-P-7和Kepler-25的联合分析的强大功能。 HAT-P-7b是第一个被怀疑是逆行（或极地）行星的系外行星，因为其严重的未对准λ约为180度。我们的联合分析表明，i（star）近似为30度，而psi近似为120度，这表明行星轨道更接近于极地，而不是逆行。开普勒25是为数不多的具有经测量的λ的多过渡行星系统之一，拥有两颗短周期的过渡行星和一颗非过渡外行星。较大的运行行星Kepler-25c的投影自旋轨道角已测量为λ，近似于0度，这意味着该系统已很好地对准了。然而，借助于星震学的严格约束，我们获得了i（star）= 65度。4（-6度.4）（+ 10度。6）和psi = 26度。9（-9度。2） ）（+ 7度.0），因此发现该系统实际上是轻微未对准的。这是首次检测到具有主序主恒星的多行星系统的自旋轨道未对准，并指出了使恒星自旋轴相对于其原行星盘倾斜的机制。

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