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首页> 外文期刊>Pediatrics: Official Publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics >The 'cough trick:' a brief strategy to manage pediatric pain from immunization injections.
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The 'cough trick:' a brief strategy to manage pediatric pain from immunization injections.

机译：“咳嗽诀窍：”一种通过免疫注射治疗小儿疼痛的简短策略。

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摘要

OBJECTIVE: The goal was to investigate the effect of a "cough trick" technique on self-reported pain of children receiving routine immunizations. The strategy requires minimal equipment, time, or training for parents, children, and nursing staff members. METHODS: A randomized, controlled, unblinded, within-subject study of 68 children receiving prekindergarten (ages 4-5) or pre-junior high school (ages 11-13) immunizations was performed. Participants were recruited from an outpatient pediatric clinic at a large public hospital in the Midwest. The strategy required a single "warm-up" cough of moderate force, followed by a second cough that coincided with needle puncture. The principle outcome was self-reported pain, although parent and nurse report of pain was used to support the accuracy of self-report. Older participants and all nurses completed a measure of their satisfaction with the procedure. RESULTS: In the initial analysis, the procedure was found not to be effective. However, post hoc tests revealed that the procedure was effective at a statistically and clinically significant level for participants identified as Hispanic white or non-Hispanic white but not for those identified as non-Hispanic black. Participants and clinic nurses found the procedure acceptable and effective. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that the cough trick can be an effective strategy for the reduction of pain for some children undergoing routine immunizations. However, additional research is needed to clarify the observed moderation by self-identified race.
机译：目的：研究“咳嗽技巧”技术对接受常规免疫接种的儿童自我报告的疼痛的影响。该策略需要最少的设备，时间或对父母，孩子和护理人员的培训。方法：对68名接受幼儿园前（4-5岁）或初中（11-13岁）免疫的儿童进行了一项随机，对照，无盲法的受试者内部研究。参与者是从中西部一家大型公立医院的儿科门诊招募的。该策略需要适度用力进行一次“热身”咳嗽，然后再进行第二次咳嗽，同时进行穿刺。尽管父母和护士的痛苦报告被用来支持自我报告的准确性，但主要结局是自我报告的疼痛。年龄较大的参与者和所有护士都对他们对该手术的满意度表示满意。结果：在初步分析中，发现该程序无效。但是，事后测试表明，该程序对被识别为西班牙裔白色或非西班牙裔白人的参与者具有统计学和临床​​意义上的有效水平，但对于被识别为非西班牙裔黑人的参与者则无效。参与者和诊所护士发现该程序是可接受的且有效的。结论：这项研究的结果表明，咳嗽技巧可以成为减少常规免疫接种儿童疼痛的有效策略。但是，还需要进一步的研究来阐明自我认同种族所观察到的适度。

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