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首页> 外文期刊>Pediatrics: Official Publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics >The National Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program, 1994-2008
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The National Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program, 1994-2008

机译：1994-2008年国家围产期乙肝预防计划

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the trends and outcomes of the national Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program (PHBPP) for infants born from 1994 to 2008. METHODS: PHBPPs in state and city public health jurisdictions annually submitted program outcome reports to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The annual number of births to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive women was estimated and used to evaluate the percentage of PHBPP-identified HBsAg-positive pregnant women. PHBPP reports were used to assess program objectives achieved, and infant outcomes by 12 to 24 months of age. RESULTS: From 1994 to 2008, the estimated number of annual births to HBsAg-positive women increased from 19 208 to 25 600 (P < .001). The annual number of PHBPP-managed infants increased (P < .001), comprising 40.8% to 50.5% of the estimated number. On average, 94.4% of PHBPP-managed infants received hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepatitis B vaccine within 1 day of birth. The percentage of infants who completed the vaccine series by age 12 months decreased from 86.0% to 77.7% (P = .004), but the percentage who received postvaccination testing increased from 25.1% to 56.0% (P < .001). Incidence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection among tested infants decreased from 2.1% in 1999 to 0.8% in 2008 (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: The PHBPP achieved substantial progress in preventing perinatal hepatitis B virus infection in the United States, despite an increasing number of at-risk infants. Significant gaps remain in identifying HBsAg-positive pregnant women, and completing management and assessment of their infants to ensure prevention of perinatal hepatitis B virus transmission.
机译：目的：确定1994年至2008年出生的婴儿的国家围产期乙型肝炎预防计划（PHBPP）的趋势和结果。方法：州和市公共卫生管辖区的PHBPP每年向疾病预防控制中心提交计划结果报告。估计了乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）阳性妇女的年出生人数，并将其用于评估以PHBPP鉴定的HBsAg阳性孕妇的百分比。 PHBPP报告用于评估已实现的计划目标以及12至24个月大的婴儿结局。结果：从1994年到2008年，HBsAg阳性女性的年出生人数估计从19208增加到25600（P <.001）。由PHBPP管理的婴儿的年度数量增加了（P <.001），占估计数量的40.8％至50.5％。平均而言，PHBPP管理的婴儿中，有94.4％在出生后1天内接种了乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白和乙型肝炎疫苗。到12个月大时完成疫苗系列接种的婴儿比例从86.0％降低到77.7％（P = .004），但是接受疫苗接种后测试的比例从25.1％增加到56.0％（P <.001）。受测婴儿中慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染的发生率从1999年的2.1％下降到2008年的0.8％（P = .001）。结论：尽管高危婴儿的数量不断增加，但PHBPP在美国预防围产期乙型肝炎病毒感染方面取得了实质性进展。在确定HBsAg阳性孕妇，完成婴儿的管理和评估以确保预防围产期乙型肝炎病毒传播方面仍然存在重大差距。

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