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首页> 外文期刊>Pediatrics: Official Publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics >Criminal-justice and school sanctions against nonheterosexual youth: a national longitudinal study.
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Criminal-justice and school sanctions against nonheterosexual youth: a national longitudinal study.

机译：针对非异性恋青年的刑事司法和学校制裁：国家纵向研究。

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OBJECTIVE: Nonheterosexual adolescents are vulnerable to health risks including addiction, bullying, and familial abuse. We examined whether they also suffer disproportionate school and criminal-justice sanctions. METHODS: The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health followed a nationally representative sample of adolescents who were in grades 7 through 12 in 1994-1995. Data from the 1994-1995 survey and the 2001-2002 follow-up were analyzed. Three measures were used to assess nonheterosexuality: same-sex attraction, same-sex romantic relationships, and lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) self-identification. Six outcomes were assessed: school expulsion; police stops; juvenile arrest; juvenile conviction; adult arrest; and adult conviction. Multivariate analyses controlled for adolescents' sociodemographics and behaviors, including illegal conduct. RESULTS: Nonheterosexuality consistently predicted a higher risk for sanctions. For example, in multivariate analyses, nonheterosexual adolescents had greater odds of being stopped by the police (odds ratio: 1.38 [P < .0001] for same-sex attraction and 1.53 [P < .0001] for LGB self-identification). Similar trends were observed for school expulsion, juvenile arrest and conviction, and adult conviction. Nonheterosexual girls were at particularly high risk. CONCLUSIONS: Nonheterosexual youth suffer disproportionate educational and criminal-justice punishments that are not explained by greater engagement in illegal or transgressive behaviors. Understanding and addressing these disparities might reduce school expulsions, arrests, and incarceration and their dire social and health consequences.
机译：目的：非异性恋青少年容易遭受健康风险，包括成瘾，霸凌和家庭虐待。我们检查了他们是否还受到不适当的学校和刑事司法制裁。方法：1994年至1995年，对全国有代表性的7至12年级青少年进行了国家青少年健康纵向研究。分析了1994-1995年调查和2001-2002年随访的数据。三种测量方法用于评估非异性恋：同性吸引力，同性浪漫关系以及女同性恋，男同性恋或双性恋（LGB）的自我认同。评估了六个结果：开除学校;学校开除;学校开除。警察停车;少年逮捕;少年定罪;成人逮捕;和成人的信念。多变量分析控制了青少年的社会人口统计学和行为，包括违法行为。结果：非异性恋始终预示着更高的制裁风险。例如，在多元分析中，非异性恋青少年被警察阻止的几率更大（同性吸引力的比值：1.38 [P <.0001]，LGB自我识别的比值是1.53 [P <.0001]）。在学校开除，少年逮捕和定罪以及成人定罪方面也观察到类似的趋势。非异性恋女孩的风险特别高。结论：非异性恋青年遭受不成比例的教育和刑事司法惩罚，这不能通过更多地参与非法或侵害行为来解释。理解并解决这些差异可能会减少开除学校，将其逮捕和监禁以及对社会和健康造成的严重后果。

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