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首页> 外文期刊>Pediatrics: Official Publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics >New, and some not-so-new, vaccines for adolescents and diseases they prevent.
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New, and some not-so-new, vaccines for adolescents and diseases they prevent.

机译：用于青少年和他们预防的疾病的新疫苗，以及不太新的疫苗。

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Adolescents in the United States now have the opportunity to receive new vaccines that prevent invasive meningococcal infections, pertussis (whooping cough), and cervical cancer. Except for their potential to cause serious illness, these infections could not be more different. Their incidence ranges from extremely low to quite high. Early clinical manifestations of infection range from none to life-threatening illness. Two of the vaccines are similar to those already in use, whereas 1 is completely new. In conjunction with the 4 vaccines previously recommended for adolescents (the tetanus and diphtheria booster, hepatitis B, measles-mumps-rubella, and varicella), the 3 new vaccines (meningococcal, human papillomavirus, and the tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis booster [which replaced the tetanus-diphtheria booster]) bring the number recommended for adolescents to 6. In this article, we describe key characteristics of the 3 new vaccines and infections they were designed to prevent. We also briefly discuss other vaccines recommended for all adolescents who have not already received them and new vaccines that are still under development.
机译：现在，美国的青少年有机会获得新的疫苗，以预防侵袭性脑膜炎球菌感染，百日咳（咳嗽）和宫颈癌。除了可能引起严重疾病外，这些感染也没有什么不同。它们的发生率从极低到很高。感染的早期临床表现范围从无到威胁生命的疾病。其中两种疫苗与已经使用的疫苗相似，而其中一种是全新的。与以前推荐给青少年的4种疫苗（破伤风和白喉加强疫苗，乙型肝炎，麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹和水痘），3种新疫苗（脑膜炎球菌，人乳头瘤病毒和破伤风-白喉-百日咳加强疫苗[取代破伤风-白喉加强疫苗]），使青少年的推荐数量达到6。在本文中，我们描述了3种旨在预防的新疫苗和感染的关键特征。我们还将简要讨论为所有尚未接种的青少年推荐的其他疫苗，以及仍在开发中的新疫苗。

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