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首页> 外文期刊>Pediatrics: Official Publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics >Residential exposures associated with asthma in US children.
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Residential exposures associated with asthma in US children.

机译：美国儿童与哮喘相关的住宅暴露。

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OBJECTIVE: Residential exposures are recognized risk factors for childhood asthma, but the relative contribution of specific risk factors and the overall contribution of housing to asthma in US children is unknown. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors and estimate the population attributable risk of residential exposures for doctor-diagnosed asthma for US children. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 1988 to 1994. Survey participants were 8257 children who were <6 years old and who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a survey of the health and nutritional status of children and adults in the United States. The main outcome measure was doctor-diagnosed asthma, as reported by the parent. RESULTS: Six percent of children had doctor-diagnosed asthma. The prevalence of asthma was higher among boys (6.7%) than girls (5.1%) and was higher among black children (8.9%) than white children (5.2%). Risk factors for doctor-diagnosed asthma included a family history of atopy (odds ratio [OR]: 2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5, 3.1), child's history of allergy to a pet (OR: 24.2; 95% CI: 8.4, 69.5), exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2-2.6), use of a gas stove or oven for heat (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.02-3.2), and presence of a dog in the household (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1, 2.3). The population attributable risk of >/=1 residential exposure for doctor-diagnosed asthma in US children <6 years old was 39.2%, or an estimated 533 000 excess cases, whereas having a family history of atopy accounted for 300 000. The attributable cost of asthma as a result of residential exposures for children <6 years old was Dollars 402 million (95% CI: Dollars 296-Dollars 507 million) annually. CONCLUSIONS: The elimination of identified residential risk factors, if causally associated with asthma, would result in a 39% decline in doctor-diagnosed asthma among US children <6 years old.
机译：目的：居民暴露是儿童哮喘的公认危险因素，但美国儿童中特定危险因素的相对贡献以及住房对哮喘的总体贡献尚不清楚。这项研究的目的是确定危险因素，并估计美国儿童经医生诊断为哮喘所致的居民暴露在人群中的风险。方法：从1988年至1994年进行了横断面调查。调查参与者为8257名<6岁的儿童，他们参加了第三次全国健康和营养检查调查，该调查是儿童和成人的健康和营养状况的调查在美国。父母报告说，主要结局指标是医生诊断的哮喘。结果：6％的儿童患有医生诊断的哮喘。男孩（6.7％）的哮喘患病率高于女孩（5.1％），黑人儿童（8.9％）的患病率高于白人（5.2％）。医生诊断为哮喘的危险因素包括特应性家族史（几率[OR]：2.2; 95％置信区间[CI]：1.5、3.1），儿童对宠物过敏的历史（OR：24.2; 95％CI ：8.4、69.5），暴露于环境烟草烟雾（或：1.8; 95％CI：1.2-2.6），使用煤气炉或烤箱加热（或：1.8; 95％CI：1.02-3.2）以及存在家中的狗的总和（OR：1.6; 95％CI：1.1、2.3）。在美国＜6岁的儿童中，医生诊断为哮喘的人群可归因的风险为> / = 1的儿童为39.2％，或估计有53.3万例过量病例，而具有特应性家族病史的则为30万。可归因的成本每年因居住在6岁以下儿童上的哮喘所引起的哮喘病收费为4.02亿美元（95％CI：296美元至5.07亿美元）。结论：如果确定的居住风险因素与哮喘有因果关系，则消除该风险因素将导致美国6岁以下儿童经医生诊断的哮喘患病率下降39％。

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