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首页> 外文期刊>Pediatrics: Official Publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics >The role of interpretation processes and parental discussion in the media's effects on adolescents' use of alcohol.
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The role of interpretation processes and parental discussion in the media's effects on adolescents' use of alcohol.

机译：解释过程和父母讨论在媒体对青少年饮酒的影响中的作用。

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OBJECTIVE. The process that connects media use with alcohol-related beliefs and behaviors has not been well documented. To address this issue, we examined adolescents' viewing patterns, beliefs about alcohol and media messages, and parental discussion of media messages in the context of a theoretical model of message interpretation processes. Measures included the degree to which adolescents found portrayals desirable, realistic, and similar to their own lives; the degree to which they wanted to be like (identify with) the portrayals; and the degree to which they associated positive outcomes with drinking alcohol (expectancies). DESIGN. Cross-sectional survey. SETTING. Two public high schools in the California central coastal area that include a diverse population in terms of ethnic origin, income level, and education level. PARTICIPANTS. Ninth-grade students (n = 252) and 12th-grade students (n = 326). OUTCOME MEASURES. Students reported the number of days within the past week watching various genres of television content, along with perceptions of realism of content, desirability of portrayals, identification with portrayals, expectancies toward alcohol use, personal norms for alcohol use, desire for products with alcohol logos, current alcohol use, frequency of parental reinforcement, and counter-reinforcement of television messages. Associations were examined via hierarchical multiple regression analysis. RESULTS. Effects of media exposure on drinking behavior, controlling for grade level, ethnicity, gender, household income, and education levels were primarily positive and indirect, operating through a number of intervening beliefs, especially expectancies (beta =.59; r(2) =.33). Direct associations, primarily with exposure to late-night talk shows (beta =.12; r(2) =.01), were small. Parental discussion also affected behavior indirectly, operating through expectancies, identification, and perceived realism. The appeal of products with alcohol logos, which was higher among the younger students (t = 3.44) and predicted by expectancies (beta =. 37; r(2) =.13), sports viewing (beta =.17; r(2) =.03) and late-night talk shows (beta =.10; r(2) =.01), predicted actual drinking behavior (beta =.22; r(2) =.04). Drinking behavior was higher among the older students (t = -2.515). CONCLUSIONS. Adolescents make drinking decisions using a progressive, logical decision-making process that can be overwhelmed by wishful thinking. The potential risk of frequent exposure to persuasive alcohol portrayals via late-night talk shows, sports, music videos, and prime-time television for underage drinking is moderated by parental reinforcement and counter-reinforcement of messages. Interventions need to acknowledge and counter the appeal of desirable and seemingly realistic alcohol portrayals in the media and alert parents to their potential for unintended adverse effects.
机译：目的。将媒体使用与酒精相关的信念和行为联系起来的过程尚未得到充分记录。为了解决这个问题，我们在消息解释过程的理论模型的背景下，研究了青少年的观看方式，对酒精和媒体消息的信仰以及父母对媒体消息的讨论。衡量标准包括青少年在多大程度上认为自己的写照是理想的，现实的和与自己的生活相似的;他们想要成为什么样的人物（认同）的程度;以及他们与饮酒相关的积极结果的程度（预期）。设计。横断面调查。设置。加州中部沿海地区的两所公立高中，根据族裔，收入水平和教育水平的不同，人口也不同。参加者。九年级学生（n = 252）和12年级学生（n = 326）。观察指标。学生报告了过去一周内观看各种类型电视内容的天数，以及对内容的真实感，刻画的可取性，刻画的识别，对酒精使用的期望，个人使用酒精的规范，对带有酒精徽标的产品的渴望，当前的酒精使用量，父母强化的频率以及电视信息的反强化。通过层次多元回归分析检查关联。结果。媒体接触对饮酒行为的影响，控制品酒水平，种族，性别，家庭收入和教育水平，主要是正面和间接的，这是通过一些干预性信念，尤其是期望值进行的（β= .59; r（2）= .33）。直接的关联，主要是与深夜脱口秀的接触（β= .12; r（2）= .01）很小。父母的讨论也通过期望，认同和感知现实主义间接影响了行为。具有酒精标志的产品的吸引力在年轻学生中较高（t = 3.44），并且通过预期（beta =。37; r（2）= .13），体育观看（beta = .17; r（2）预测）= .03）和深夜谈话节目（beta = .10; r（2）= .01），预测的实际饮酒行为（beta = .22; r（2）= .04）。年龄较大的学生饮酒行为较高（t = -2.515）。结论。青少年使用渐进的，逻辑性的决策过程做出饮酒决策，但一厢情愿的想法可能会淹没他们。父母的强化和反强化的信息缓解了通过深夜脱口秀，体育，音乐视频和黄金时段电视为未成年饮酒而频繁暴露于有说服力的酒精刻画的潜在风险。干预措施需要承认并抵制媒体中令人信服的，看似现实的酒精刻画的吸引力，并提醒父母注意其潜在的不良影响。

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