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首页> 外文期刊>Pedobiologia >Clone distribution of the earthworm Eiseniella tetraedra (Sav.) (Oligochaeta : Lumbricidae) across an altitudinal gradient on subarctic mountains of NW Europe
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Clone distribution of the earthworm Eiseniella tetraedra (Sav.) (Oligochaeta : Lumbricidae) across an altitudinal gradient on subarctic mountains of NW Europe

机译：EuropeEiseniella tetraedra（Sav。）（Oligochaeta：Lumbricidae）的克隆分布在欧洲西北偏北山区的海拔梯度上

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摘要

In earlier studies, we have shown that clone diversity of the parthenogenetic earthworm Eiseniella tetraedra increases from the upper reaches of rivers in northern Sweden towards their mouths. Now we survey brooks in the Scandes Mountains in the watershed between Sweden and Norway where major rivers originate. Using starch get enzyme electrophoresis, we found 37 clones in a total catch of 379 individuals from six mountains. The most abundant clone made up 48.3% of the individuals collected. It was present on most mountains and was found at different elevations. In comparison with other clones it may represent a general-purpose genotype adapted to environmental conditions ranging from alpine through to subalpine to boreal habitats in the mountains. Diversity of clone assemblages decreased with increasing elevation. On four mountains, one to two clones were found at higher elevations. Passive downstream dispersal of E. tetraedra propagules from wider areas of the mountains was responsible for the more diverse clone pools in the tower reaches of the brooks (i.e., "small rivers behave like large ones"). Two clone groups, which deviated from the norm clone in their number of enzyme variants, were evenly distributed among different elevations. Therefore, we could not correlate genotype differences (i.e., adaptation of clones to mountain elevations). Clone pool similarities among the mountains were tow on average (range 0-58%) but in a cluster of four mountains, similarities varied from 46% to 58%. Clone pool similarities between different elevations of the same mountain ranged from 27% to 83%. One mountain brook was sampled over 3 years to assess clone turnover. Only the norm clone was found in upstream habitats but it and three other clones were recorded downstream in at least 2 years. Ten clones were found once in the latter habitat as well. (C) 2007 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
机译：在较早的研究中，我们已经表明，孤雌生殖E Eiseniella tetraedra的克隆多样性从瑞典北部河流的上游向河口增加。现在，我们在瑞典和挪威之间的分水岭的斯坎德山脉中调查溪流，这些河流是主要河流的发源地。使用淀粉获取酶电泳，我们从六座山的379个个体中共发现了37个克隆。最丰富的克隆占收集的个体的48.3％。它存在于大多数山区，并在不同的海拔高度被发现。与其他克隆相比，它可能代表了一种适应环境条件的通用基因型，从高山到亚高山再到山区的北方生境。克隆组合的多样性随着海拔的升高而降低。在四座山上，高海拔地区发现了一到两个克隆。来自山地较宽区域的四面体大肠杆菌繁殖体的被动下游扩散是溪流塔级河段中种类繁多的克隆库的原因（即“小河表现得像大河一样”）。两个克隆组在其酶变体数量上与标准克隆不同，它们均匀分布在不同的海拔高度之间。因此，我们无法关联基因型差异（即克隆适应山区海拔）。山间的克隆池相似性平均为2个（范围为0-58％），但在四座山群中，相似性从46％到58％不等。同一座山的不同海拔之间的克隆库相似度为27％至83％。在3年中对一条山溪进行了采样，以评估克隆的更新量。在上游生境中仅发现正常克隆，但至少在两年内在下游发现了它和其他三个克隆。在后一个栖息地也发现了十个克隆。 （C）2007 Elsevier GmbH。版权所有。

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