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首页> 外文期刊>Pediatrics: Official Publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics >Vaccine effectiveness during a varicella outbreak among schoolchildren: Utah, 2002-2003.
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Vaccine effectiveness during a varicella outbreak among schoolchildren: Utah, 2002-2003.

机译：小学生水痘爆发期间的疫苗效力：犹他州，2002-2003年。

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OBJECTIVES: In the context of a chickenpox outbreak involving 2 Utah elementary schools, we conducted an investigation to assess vaccine effectiveness, describe illness severity, and examine risk factors for breakthrough varicella (ie, varicella in those who have been vaccinated). METHODS: All parents were asked to complete a questionnaire about their child's medical history. Parents of children with recent varicella were interviewed, and vaccination records were verified. Lesions were submitted for polymerase chain reaction testing. RESULTS: Questionnaires were returned for 558 (93%) of 597 students in school A and 924 (97%) of 952 students in school B. A total of 83 schoolchildren (57 unvaccinated and 26 vaccinated) had varicella during the October 2002 through February 2003 outbreak period. An additional 17 cases occurred among household contacts, including infants and adults. Polymerase chain reaction analysis recovered wild-type varicella. Vaccine effectiveness was 87%. With 1 notable exception, vaccinated children tended to have milder illness. Risk factors for breakthrough varicella included eczema, vaccination > or =5 years before the outbreak, and vaccination at < or =18 months of age. Restricting analysis to children vaccinated > or =5 years before the outbreak, those vaccinated at < or =18 months of age were more likely to develop breakthrough varicella (relative risk: 9.3; 95% confidence interval: 1.3-68.9). CONCLUSIONS: The vaccine, administered by >100 health care providers to 571 children during a 7-year time period, was effective. Risk factors for breakthrough varicella suggest some degree of biological interaction between age at vaccination and time since vaccination.
机译：目的：在涉及两所犹他州小学的水痘疫情中，我们进行了一项调查，以评估疫苗的有效性，描述疾病的严重性以及检查突破性水痘的风险因素（即，接种疫苗的水痘患者）。方法：要求所有父母填写有关孩子病史的问卷。对最近患有水痘的儿童的父母进行了采访，并验证了疫苗接种记录。病变被提交进行聚合酶链反应测试。结果：问卷调查返回了A学校的597名学生中的558名（93％），B学校的952名学生中的924（97％）名。2002年10月至2月，共有83名小学生（水痘未接种和26疫苗接种） 2003年爆发期。包括婴儿和成人在内的家庭接触者还发生了17例。聚合酶链反应分析回收了野生型水痘。疫苗有效率为87％。除1个明显例外外，接种疫苗的儿童往往病情较轻。水痘突破的危险因素包括湿疹，爆发前≥5年的疫苗接种以及≤18个月大的疫苗接种。仅对暴发前≥5岁的儿童进行分析，而≤18个月时接种的儿童更有可能出现突破性水痘（相对风险：9.3; 95％置信区间：1.3-68.9）。结论：在7年的时间内，由100多名医疗保健提供者向571名儿童接种了该疫苗。水痘突破的危险因素表明，疫苗接种的年龄与疫苗接种后的时间之间存在一定程度的生物学相互作用。

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