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首页> 外文期刊>Pediatrics: Official Publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics >Is family history a useful tool for detecting children at risk for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases? A public health perspective.
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Is family history a useful tool for detecting children at risk for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases? A public health perspective.

机译：家族史是检测患糖尿病和心血管疾病风险儿童的有用工具吗？公共卫生的观点。

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Several studies indicate that the risk for type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease is detectable in childhood, although these disorders may not emerge until adulthood. In addition, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease seem to share risk factors, including obesity and dyslipidemia, and might even share etiology, which has important implications for screening and prevention strategies for both diseases. Primary prevention, in particular, has gained importance because the results of major randomized, controlled trials strongly suggest that, at least in high-risk adult groups, type 2 diabetes can be prevented or delayed. Furthermore, some intervention studies indicate that the risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease can be reduced in children. A simple way to detect risk for either diabetes or cardiovascular disease is to examine the family history. Numerous studies have shown that adults who have 1 or more first- or second-degree relatives affected with diabetes or cardiovascular disease are at high risk of having or developing these diseases. Currently, there are no overall screening strategies recommended for either diabetes or cardiovascular disease among children and adolescents. The evidence is strong, however, that youth with a positive family history already show signs of increased risk for these conditions. Family history can be part of the approach to screening for children at risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease and should be part of prevention campaigns aimed at reducing the burden of these diseases and their risk factors in children.
机译：几项研究表明，在儿童期可检测出2型糖尿病或心血管疾病的风险，尽管这些疾病直到成年才可能出现。此外，2型糖尿病和心血管疾病似乎具有包括肥胖和血脂异常在内的危险因素，甚至可能具有共同的病因，这对这两种疾病的筛查和预防策略均具有重要意义。尤其是，一级预防已变得越来越重要，因为大型随机对照试验的结果强烈表明，至少在高危成人组中，可以预防或延迟2型糖尿病。此外，一些干预研究表明，儿童糖尿病和心血管疾病的危险因素可以减少。检测糖尿病或心血管疾病风险的一种简单方法是检查家族史。大量研究表明，患有1个或多个一级或二级亲属的成年人患有糖尿病或心血管疾病的成年人患上或罹患这些疾病的风险很高。当前，对于儿童或青少年，没有针对糖尿病或心血管疾病的总体筛查策略建议。但是，有充分的证据表明，具有积极家族史的年轻人已经显示出患上这些疾病的风险增加的迹象。家族史可以作为筛查有糖尿病和心血管疾病风险的儿童的方法的一部分，并且应该成为旨在减少儿童患这些疾病及其风险因素的预防运动的一部分。

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