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首页> 外文期刊>Pediatrics: Official Publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics >Annual summary of vital statistics--2003.
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Annual summary of vital statistics--2003.

机译：生命统计年度摘要--2003年。

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摘要

The crude birth rate rose slightly in 2003 to 14.1 births per 1000 population, from 13.9 in 2002. The 2002 rate was the lowest ever reported for the United States. The total number of births and the fertility rate (66.1) also increased. The birth rate for teenaged mothers dropped 3% to another record low in 2003, to 41.7 per 1000 females aged 15 to 19 years. The teenage birth rate has fallen by one third since 1991. The birth rate declined for women 20 to 24 years old but rose for women aged 25 to 44 years. The number, rate, and proportion of births to unmarried women all increased in 2003. Smoking during pregnancy declined to 11%, down from 19.5% in 1989. Prenatal care utilization improved slightly for 2003; 84.1% of women began care in the first trimester of pregnancy. The cesarean delivery rate jumped 6% to 27.6% for another US high. The primary cesarean rate rose 6%, and the rate of vaginal birth after a previous cesarean delivery plummeted 16% from 2002 to 2003. The percent of infants delivered preterm continued to rise (12.3% in 2003). The preterm birth rate is up 16% since 1990. The percentage of children born at low birth weight rose slightly in 2003 to the highest level reported since 1970 (7.9%). The twinning rate increased, but the rate for triplet/+ births declined slightly between 2001 and 2002. Multiple births accounted for 3.3% of all births in 2002. The infant mortality rate rose to 7.0/1000 live births in 2002 from 6.8 in 2001, marking the first increase in this rate in >4 decades. Increases were distributed fairly widely across age, racial/ethnic groups, and geographic areas. The rise in infant mortality was attributed to increases in <750-g births in both singleton and multiple deliveries. Although the downward trend in infant mortality rates in many developed nations may have stabilized, the United States still ranked 27th among these nations in 2001. Expectation of life at birth reached a record high of 77.3 years for all gender and race groups combined in 2002. Death rates in the United States continue to decline. Between 2001 and 2002, death rates declined for the 3 leading causes of death: diseases of heart, malignant neoplasms, and cerebrovascular diseases. Death rates for children 1 to 19 years old decreased by 8% for suicide; the death rate for chronic lower respiratory diseases increased by 33% in 2002. Rates for unintentional injuries and homicide did not change significantly for children aged 1 to 19 years. A large proportion of childhood deaths continues to occur as a result of preventable injuries.
机译：粗出生率从2002年的13.9上升到2003年的每1000人口14.1出生。2002年的比率是有史以来美国最低的。出生总数和生育率（66.1）也有所增加。青少年母亲的出生率在2003年下降了3％，再创历史新低，降至每1000名15至19岁女性中的41.7。自1991年以来，少女的出生率下降了三分之一。20至24岁的妇女的出生率下降，但25至44岁的妇女的出生率上升。 2003年未婚妇女的出生人数，出生率和出生率均增加了。怀孕期间的吸烟率从1989年的19.5％下降到11％。2003年的产前保健利用略有改善。 84.1％的妇女在怀孕的前三个月开始护理。剖腹产率上升了6％，达到了27.6％，创下美国新高。从2002年到2003年，原发剖宫产率上升了6％，此前一次剖腹产后的阴道分娩率下降了16％。早产儿的百分比继续上升（2003年为12.3％）。自1990年以来，早产率上升了16％。低出生体重儿的比例在2003年略有上升，达到了1970年以来的最高水平（7.9％）。孪生率增加，但2001年至2002年间三胞胎/ +出生率略有下降。2002年，多胞胎占所有出生的3.3％。2002年，婴儿死亡率从2001年的6.8上升到7.0 / 1000活产，这是该比率在> 4十年中首次出现增长。增长在各个年龄段，种族/族裔群体和地理区域中分布得相当广泛。婴儿死亡率的上升归因于单胎和多胎分娩时＜750 g的出生。尽管许多发达国家的婴儿死亡率下降趋势可能已趋于稳定，但美国在2001年仍排在这些国家中的第27位。2002年所有性别和种族群体的出生时预期寿命均达到77.3岁的历史最高水平。美国的死亡率持续下降。在2001年至2002年之间，导致死亡的3大主要原因的死亡率下降了：心脏病，恶性肿瘤和脑血管疾病。 1至19岁儿童的自杀死亡率降低了8％;慢性下呼吸道疾病的死亡率在2002年增加了33％。1至19岁儿童的意外伤害和凶杀发生率没有明显变化。由于可预防的伤害，很大一部分儿童死亡继续发生。

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