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首页> 外文期刊>Pedobiologia >Horizontal distribution, population dynamics and life cycle of Tetracanthella stachi (Collembola, Isotomidae) in mountain beech and spruce forests
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Horizontal distribution, population dynamics and life cycle of Tetracanthella stachi (Collembola, Isotomidae) in mountain beech and spruce forests

机译：山毛榉和云杉林中四脚草（Collembola，Isotomidae）的水平分布，种群动态和生命周期

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摘要

Horizontal distribution with respect to vegetation patchiness, population dynamics and life cycle of Tetracanthella stachi were studied in mountain beech and spruce forests. Four vegetation patches were sampled in a 180 year old beech forest and another four in a 70 year old climax spruce forest. Both forest stands were situated approximately 250 m from one another. At each of eight plots 10 samples to the depth of 5 cm were taken monthly from May to October 1997 and from May to November 1998. T. stachi occurred with 100% constancy at all studied vegetation patches. Its density did not significantly differ (P=0.246) between the beech and the spruce forests, but it significantly differed among vegetation patches (P< 10(-7)). The species has one generation per year. The population consisted only of adult specimens in May. Reproduction took place in May, immediately after the snow cover had melted. Recruitment occurred during June and the population reached maximum density almost at all the patches. After the recruitment the number of both adults and juveniles decreased. The juveniles grew rapidly during summer and reached the body length of adults in autumn. Developed genital openings were first noticed in August and in October it was possible to sex all the juveniles. Sex ratios of the juveniles and adults did not differ significantly (α = 0.05) from 1:1 in almost all the samplings. There was a significant difference in body length between males and females (a mean body length of males 0.97-1.03 mm, of females 1.07-1.14 mm). T. stachi lives less than two years, without overlapping of adults of subsequent generations. Only few pre-adult specimens were extracted from samples taken under snow in March 2000. Pre-adults are probably inactive during winter and therefore hardly extracted in Tullgren funnels.
机译：在山毛榉和云杉林中研究了四叶草（Tetracanthella stachi）与植被斑块，种群动态和生命周期有关的水平分布。在具有180年历史的山毛榉森林中采样了四个植被斑块，在具有70年历史的高潮云杉森林中采样了另外四个植被斑块。这两个森林站之间的距离均为约250 m。从1997年5月至1998年10月以及1998年5月至1998年11月，每月分别在8个样地中采集10个5cm深度的样品。在所有研究的植被斑块中均产生100％恒定的St. stachi。山毛榉和云杉林之间的密度没有显着差异（P = 0.246），但植被斑块之间的密度却有显着差异（P <10（-7））。该物种每年有一代。五月份，该人口仅包括成人标本。积雪在融化后立即在5月进行繁殖。招募发生在六月，人口几乎在所有斑块都达到最大密度。征募后，成年人和少年的人数都减少了。少年在夏季迅速增长，在秋季达到成年人的体长。发达的生殖器开放首先在八月被发现，十月有可能对所有的青少年进行性交。在几乎所有样本中，少年和成年人的性别比与1：1均没有显着差异（α= 0.05）。雄性和雌性之间的体长存在显着差异（雄性的平均体长为0.97-1.03 mm，雌性的平均体长为1.07-1.14 mm）。 St. stachi的寿命不到两年，而后代的成年人没有重叠。从2000年3月在雪下采集的样本中仅提取了很少的成年前标本。成年前的成年期可能不活跃，因此很难在Tullgren漏斗中提取。

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