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首页> 外文期刊>Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior >Morphine sensitization as a model of mania: comparative study of the effects of repeated lithium or carbamazepine administration.
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Morphine sensitization as a model of mania: comparative study of the effects of repeated lithium or carbamazepine administration.

机译：吗啡致敏作为躁狂症的模型：反复服用锂或卡马西平的效果比较研究。

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Repeated unavoidable stress induces in rats decreased reactivity to avoidable stressors and an anhedonia-like condition that are reverted by long-term antidepressant treatments and regarded as models of core symptoms of depression. Morphine-sensitized rats present resilience to stress-induced behavioral deficits and, if hyporeactivity to stress models a depressive symptom, stress resistance can be regarded as a manic symptom. This hypothesis is supported by the observation that long-term lithium administration reinstates sensitivity to stress in sensitized rats. The first aim of the study was to examine the effects of carbamazepine, a standard antimanic treatment, on the stress resilience of sensitized rats, to further characterize morphine sensitization as a model of manic symptom. Carbamazepine administration abolished stress resilience but did not interfere with the expression of sensitization. The second aim of the study was to assess whether repeated carbamazepine treatment affected the dopaminergic and behavioral responses to a natural reward, a palatable food (vanilla sugar, VS), in non food-deprived sensitized and control rats and compare these possible effects with those of repeated lithium administration. Control and sensitized rats showed increased extraneuronal dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens shell after VS consumption and competence to acquire an instrumental VS-sustained appetitive behavior (VAB). Repeated carbamazepine treatment abolished the dopaminergic response to VS consumption and disrupted the competence to acquire VAB in control rats. Lithium-treated rats showed a dopaminergic response to VS and easily acquired the appetitive behavior. In sensitized rats, neither carbamazepine nor lithium administration interfered with the dopaminergic response to VS and the acquisition of VAB. In summary, the effect of carbamazepine on the stress resilience of sensitized rats further supported the hypothesis that morphine sensitization might model some symptoms of mania. Moreover, in control rats carbamazepine treatment elicited an anhedonia-like condition that clearly distinguished the effects of this drug from those of lithium.
机译：反复出现的不可避免的应激会导致大鼠对可避免的应激反应的反应性降低，并出现长期缺乏抗抑郁药治疗后可恢复为类抑郁症的现象，并被视为抑郁症的核心症状模型。吗啡致敏大鼠表现出对压力诱发的行为缺陷的适应力，并且，如果对压力的反应性低下可模型化为抑郁症状，则抗压力性可被视为躁狂症状。长期给予锂可恢复致敏大鼠对压力的敏感性的观察结果支持了这一假设。该研究的第一个目的是检验标准的抗躁狂药卡马西平对致敏大鼠的应激弹性的影响，以进一步将吗啡致敏表征为躁狂症状的模型。卡马西平的使用取消了应力应变能力，但没有干扰致敏性的表达。该研究的第二个目的是评估卡马西平的反复治疗是否影响非食物缺乏致敏和对照大鼠对自然奖励，可口食物（香草糖，VS）的多巴胺能和行为反应，并将这些可能的影响与那些重复使用锂。对照和致敏大鼠在食用VS后显示伏伏核壳中神经元外多巴胺水平升高，并且获得了VS维持的器皿性食欲行为（VAB）的能力。重复的卡马西平治疗取消了对VS消耗的多巴胺能反应，并破坏了对照组大鼠获得VAB的能力。锂处理的大鼠对VS表现出多巴胺能反应，并且容易获得食欲。在致敏的大鼠中，卡马西平和锂的给药均不会干扰对VS和VAB的多巴胺能反应。总之，卡马西平对致敏大鼠应激弹性的影响进一步支持了吗啡致敏可以模拟躁狂症某些症状的假说。此外，在对照大鼠中，卡马西平治疗引起了类似于快感冒的病状，该病状清楚地区分了这种药物与锂的作用。

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