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首页> 外文期刊>Physics in Canada >Bob the Builder and his Electron Shovel: Planning and Constructing Nanomagnets for Jobs from Drug Delivery to Electric Car Motors
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Bob the Builder and his Electron Shovel: Planning and Constructing Nanomagnets for Jobs from Drug Delivery to Electric Car Motors

机译：建造者鲍勃（Bob）和他的电子铲：规划和构造从药物输送到电动汽车工作的纳米磁铁

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摘要

The earliest known application of any magnetic material is the navigation compass in which naturally occurring lodestone or "leading stone" was used. The applications of magnetic materials are now widespread, including transformers, electric motors, loudspeakers, sensors, tapes (audio and video), floppy disc and hard disc media, giant magnetoresistance (GMR) reading heads for magnetic media, magnetic random access memory (MRAM) devices, permanent magnets, and carriers for targeted drug delivery. The magnetism of a material needs to be tailored for the intended application. For example, for a permanent magnet, materials with a large magnetization (response to an applied magnetic field) remanance (remaining magnetization when there is no applied field) and coercivity (magnetic field necessary to rotate the material's magnetization) are preferable. While designing a transformer core, a magnetic material with a high permeability and a low remanence (e.g. soft iron and silicon steel) is desirable.
机译：任何磁性材料的最早已知应用是导航罗盘，其中使用了天然存在的菱铁矿或“铅石”。磁性材料的应用现已广泛应用，包括变压器，电动机，扬声器，传感器，磁带（音频和视频），软盘和硬盘介质，用于磁性介质的巨磁阻（GMR）读取头，磁性随机存取存储器（MRAM） ）设备，永磁体和用于定向给药的载体。材料的磁性需要针对预期应用进行定制。例如，对于永磁体，优选具有大的磁化强度（响应于所施加的磁场），剩磁（在没有施加磁场时保持磁化强度）和矫顽力（使材料的磁化强度旋转所需的磁场）的材料。在设计变压器铁芯时，需要具有高磁导率和低剩磁的磁性材料（例如软铁和硅钢）。

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