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首页> 外文期刊>Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society. Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences >Ethical aspects of the mitigation obstruction argument against climate engineering research
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Ethical aspects of the mitigation obstruction argument against climate engineering research

机译：反对气候工程研究的缓解障碍论的伦理方面

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摘要

Many commentators fear that climate engineering research might lead policy-makers to reduce mitigation efforts. Most of the literature on this so-called 'moral hazard' problem focuses on the prediction that climate engineering research would reduce mitigation efforts. This paper focuses on a related ethical question: Why would it be a bad thing if climate engineering research obstructed mitigation? If climate engineering promises to be effective enough, it might justify some reduction in mitigation. Climate policy portfolios involving sufficiently large or poorly planned reductions inmitigation, however, could lead to an outcome that would be worse than the portfolio that would be chosen in the absence of further climate engineering research. This paper applies three ethical perspectives to describe the kinds of portfolios that would be worse than that 'baseline portfolio'. The literature on climate engineering identifies various mechanisms that might cause policy-makers to choose these inferior portfolios, but it is difficult to know in advance whether the existence of these mechanisms means that climate engineering research really would lead to a worse outcome. In the light of that uncertainty, a precautionary approach suggests that researchers should take measures to reduce the risk of mitigation obstruction. Several such measures are suggested.
机译：许多评论员担心，气候工程研究可能会导致决策者减少缓解措施。关于这个所谓的“道德风险”问题的大多数文献都集中在气候工程研究将减少缓解工作的预测上。本文着重于一个相关的伦理问题：如果气候工程研究阻碍缓解措施，那将是一件坏事吗？如果气候工程承诺足够有效，则可能有理由减少缓解措施。但是，涉及足够大的或计划不当的减排工作的气候政策投资组合，其结果可能会比没有进一步气候工程研究的情况下所选择的投资组合更糟糕。本文运用三种道德观点来描述比“基准投资组合”更糟糕的投资组合类型。关于气候工程的文献确定了可能导致决策者选择这些劣等投资组合的各种机制，但是很难事先知道这些机制的存在是否意味着气候工程研究确实会导致更糟糕的结果。鉴于这种不确定性，预防措施建议研究人员应采取措施降低缓解阻塞的风险。建议了几种这样的措施。

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