THORIA EHANCEMENT OF NUCLEAR REACTOR SAFETY

Barbara Szpunar; Jerzy Szpunar

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THORIA EHANCEMENT OF NUCLEAR REACTOR SAFETY

机译：硫醇增强核反应堆安全性

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The recent nuclear accident in Fukushima demonstrates that a nuclear mishap should be viewed using interdisciplinary tools. For example, the urania fuel melts not only because of enhanced neutron flux but also because its thermal conductivity degrades when it oxidizes. Here we present the application of first principles calculations to evaluate the structural, mechanical and thermal properties of traditional urania fuel and new, inherently safer thoria fuel. Knowledge of the lattice constants for higher oxidation state oxides of uranium is important in nuclear safety analysis, since the formation of U_3O_8 in a defective fuel element can cause cracking or split the fuel sheath after disposal, due to a net 32-36% volume increase. This contrasts with thoria fuel where such oxidation does not occur during accident. The comparison between these two fuels is provided with respect to reactor safety. In an exemplary simulation we show that replacement of urania fuel by thoria prevents central melting in the fuel rod.

机译：福岛最近发生的核事故表明，应该使用跨学科工具来解决核事故。例如，尿素燃料之所以融化，不仅是因为中子通量的增加，还因为它的热导率在氧化时会降低。在这里，我们介绍第一性原理计算的应用，以评估传统尿烷燃料和新型，本质上更安全的氧化tho燃料的结构，机械和热性能。了解铀的高氧化态氧化物的晶格常数在核安全分析中很重要，因为在有缺陷的燃料元件中形成U_3O_8会导致在处置后破裂或裂开燃料鞘，这是由于净增加了32-36％的体积。这与在事故期间不会发生这种氧化的氧化ria燃料形成对比。相对于反应堆安全性，提供了这两种燃料之间的比较。在一个示例性的模拟中，我们显示了用氧化ur代替二氧化铀燃料可防止燃料棒中的中心熔化。

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《Physics International》 |2013年第2期|共10页
作者
Barbara Szpunar; Jerzy Szpunar;
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原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
中图分类物理学;
关键词
Thoria; Urania; Nuclear Reactor Safety; Simulations;

机译：Thoria;Urania;核反应堆安全性;模拟;

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1. THORIA EHANCEMENT OF NUCLEAR REACTOR SAFETY [J] . Barbara Szpunar, Jerzy Szpunar Physics International . 2013,第2期

机译：硫醇增强核反应堆安全性
2. Nuclear power: Rasmussen on reactor safety: How nuclear power reactor risks are quantified; and nuclear sabotage, theft, shipping, and waste disposal risks put in perspective [J] . Rasmussen N.C. Spectrum, IEEE . 1975,第8期

机译：核电：拉斯穆森（Rasmussen）关于反应堆安全的观点：如何量化核电反应堆的风险；以及核破坏，盗窃，运输和废物处置风险
3. Discussion on ????????The control and instrumentation of a nuclear reactor????????, ????????The control of nuclear reactors????????, ????????Nuclear-reactor-control ionization chambers???????? and ????????Some design aspects of nuclear-reactor control mechanisms???????? before a meeting of the Institution held in conjunction with the British Nuclear Energy Conference, 5th April, 1956 [J] . Proceedings of the IEE - Part B: Radio and Electronic Engineering . 1956,第11期

机译：关于核反应堆的控制和仪器仪表的讨论，核反应堆的控制。核反应器控制电离室以及核反应堆控制机制的某些设计方面在1956年4月5日与英国核能大会联合举行的机构会议之前
4. Thermal Aspects of Uranium Nitride, Mixed Oxide and Thoria Fuels as Applied to Supercritical Water-Cooled Nuclear Reactors [C] . L. Grande, A. Rodriguez-Prado, S. Mikhael, CNS/CNA student conference;Annual conference of the Canadian Nuclear Society . 2012

机译：用于超临界水冷核反应堆的氮化铀，混合氧化物和Thoria燃料的热学方面
5. The Super Near Boiling Reactor The 25MW Super Near Boiling Nuclear Reactor (SNB25) in Transient States and Confirmation of its Inherent Safety. [D] . Boucher, Peter. 2012

机译：超级近沸腾反应堆瞬态的25MW超级近沸腾核反应堆（SNB25）及其固有安全性得到确认。
6. Detection of alpha particle emitters originating from nuclear fuel inside reactor building of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant [O] . Yuki Morishita, Tatsuo Torii, Hiroshi Usami, -1

机译：在福岛第一核电站反应堆厂房内检测源自核燃料的α粒子发射器
7. Request for Naval Reactors Comment on Proposed Prometheus Space Flight Nuclear Reactor High Tier Reactor Safety Requirements and for Naval Reactors Approval to Transmit These Requirements to JPL [O] . Kokkinos, D. 2005

机译：要求海军反应堆评论拟议的普罗米修斯太空飞行核反应堆高层反应堆安全要求和海军反应堆批准将这些要求转交给JpL
8. Reactor Safety Study:An Assessment of Accident Risks in U.S. Commercial Nuclear Power Plants. Appendix VII. Release of Radioactivity in Reactor Accidents. Appendix VIII. Physical Processes in Reactor Meltdown Accidents. Appendix IX. Safety Design Rationale for Nuclear Power Plants. Appendix X. Design Adequacy. [R] . 1976

机译：反应堆安全研究：美国商业核电厂事故风险评估。附录七。反应堆事故中放射性的释放。附录八。反应堆熔毁事故中的物理过程。附录九。核电厂安全设计理念。附录X.设计充分性。

THORIA EHANCEMENT OF NUCLEAR REACTOR SAFETY

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