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Parallelohedra and topological transitions in cellular structures

机译:细胞结构中的平行面体和拓扑转变

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摘要

In 1891, Fedorov showed that tilings of three-dimensional space by congruent convex polyhedra, in which all the tiles are in the same orientation, belong to just five topological classes. In 1953, Cyril Stanley Smith generalized Fedorov's result by dispensing with the convexity requirement. In this and the later work of Ferro and Fortes, solutions were obtained by applying topological transitions, of the kind that occur during grain growth, to the well-known space-filling by Kelvin 14-hedra. We demonstrate an anomalous solution to the generalized Fedorov problem that is not derivable by this method, and which provides a counter example to some conjectures suggested by O'Keeffe. Finally, a further generalization is proposed, that has relevance in the study of periodic networks. We conclude with a few examples to indicate some interesting directions for possible future developments of the idea that Fedorov and Smith had initiated.
机译:1891年,费多罗夫(Fedorov)表明,全等凸多面体的三维空间平铺图(其中所有平铺方向相同)仅属于五个拓扑类别。 1953年,西里尔·斯坦利·史密斯(Cyril Stanley Smith)消除了凸度要求,从而推广了费多罗夫的结果。在Ferro和Fortes的这项工作以及随后的工作中,通过将在晶粒生长过程中发生的那种拓扑转换应用于众所周知的由Kelvin 14-hedra进行的空间填充,获得了解决方案。我们证明了这种方法无法导出的广义Fedorov问题的反常解,它为O'Keeffe建议的一些猜想提供了反例。最后,提出了进一步的概括,它与周期性网络的研究有关。我们以一些例子作为结论,为费多罗夫和史密斯提出的思想的未来发展指明了一些有趣的方向。

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