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首页> 外文期刊>Physica Scripta: An International Journal for Experimental and Theoretical Physics >Quantum hydrodynamic analysis of decoherence
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Quantum hydrodynamic analysis of decoherence

机译：退相干的量子流体动力学分析

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The hydrodynamic formulation of quantum mechanics is used to analyze the mechanism of decoherence for a system interacting with a bath in which the initial system wavefunction is a superposition of spatially separated components. In order to study the decoherence, the various time-evolving hydrodynamic fields are monitored for the two composite systems, each having a single bath mode. In one of these, the system and bath are uncoupled, but in the other they are coupled through an interaction term. For the uncoupled system, a large interference feature develops between the two separated components of the initial super-position. The reduced density matrix for the system initially displays two large off-diagonal peaks and as time proceeds, these peaks broaden but do not disappear. For the coupled system, the interference feature that attempts to form between the two initially separated wavepackets is largely suppressed. Although the quantum force again tends to push fluid elements toward the interference region, this is counteracted by the classical force, which attempts to separate the centers of the two wavepackets into two descending valleys. An essential feature of flux maps for this case is that in the mid-region between the two initial density peaks, an intersecting set of attractors and repellors for flux vectors form and these funnel density away from the central region. As time proceeds. the reduced density matrix for the system shows increasing concentration along the diagonal. The Wigner function for the system shows gradually decaying ripples lying between the two density maxima which themselves are separating with opposite momenta. Finally, at later times, the reduced density matrix for the system is very similar to that obtained from a mixture of independently evolving components. [References: 73]
机译：量子力学的流体力学公式用于分析与浴相互作用的系统的退相干机理，其中初始系统波函数是空间分离的分量的叠加。为了研究消相干性，针对两个复合系统（每个系统具有一个浴模式）监视各种随时间变化的流体动力学场。在其中一个中，系统和浴池是不耦合的，但在另一个中，它们是通过交互作用项耦合的。对于非耦合系统，初始叠加的两个分离的组件之间会形成较大的干扰特征。系统的密度降低的矩阵最初显示两个大的非对角峰，随着时间的推移，这些峰变宽但不会消失。对于耦合系统，试图在两个最初分离的波包之间形成的干扰特征被大大抑制。尽管量子力再次趋向于将流体元素推向干涉区域，但这被经典力所抵消，经典力试图将两个波包的中心分成两个下降的谷。这种情况下通量图的基本特征是，在两个初始密度峰之间的中间区域，形成了通量矢量的一组吸引子和排斥子的相交集合，并且这些漏斗密度远离中心区域。随着时间的流逝。系统的降低的密度矩阵显示沿对角线的浓度增加。系统的维格纳函数显示出两个密度最大值之间逐渐衰减的波纹，它们本身以相反的动量分开。最后，在以后的时间里，系统的密度降低矩阵与从独立演化的成分的混合物获得的密度矩阵非常相似。 [参考：73]

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