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Quasi-atoms and super-atoms

机译:准原子和超原子

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The terms "quasiatom" and "superatom" are introduced. A quasi-atom, for example contains two ions of opposite charge, which behave like an atom, forming Rydberg states. A superatom also contains many atoms, but behaves in a simple way, and can be modelled within the central field approximation. Both are examples of many-body systems which emulate quasi-particle properties. Their behaviour is the opposite of quasi-particle breakdown in isolated atoms. However, it also probes the boundary between simple and complex behaviour, for species larger than atoms. Examples are given, ranging from shallow donor impurities in semiconductors, through ion-pair molecules, confined and endohedral atoms, to metallic clusters. [References: 67]
机译:介绍了术语“准原子”和“超原子”。准原子例如包含两个带相反电荷的离子,它们的行为像一个原子,形成里德堡态。一个超原子也包含许多原子,但是行为简单,可以在中心场近似中建模。两者都是模拟准粒子特性的多体系统的示例。它们的行为与孤立原子中的准粒子分解相反。但是,对于大于原子的物种,它也探究了简单行为与复杂行为之间的界限。给出了示例,范围从半导体中的浅施主杂质,到离子对分子,受约束的和内在的原子,再到金属簇。 [参考:67]

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