The concept of a "random walk" has beenwidely used to describe many real-world sys-tems from the Brownian motion of smokeparticles to the fluctuation of prices on thestock market. The mathematics is usually ex-plained though the analogy of a person dic-tating their movements by the toss of a coin:get heads, for example, and they move onestep to the right; get tails and they shuffle onestep to the left. After many coin tosses, theperson's position is random – though, statis-tically, it is likely to be near the starting point.
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