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Between the lines

机译:线之间

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摘要

For many of us in the Physics World office, the chief attraction of stumbling across an intriguing numerical factoid – the total energy required to air-freight a tonne of oranges across the US, say – is that it immediately turns into a guessing game, as we invite colleagues and friends to estimate the correct answer. If you are also partial to this kind of quick calculation, then you will surely enjoy Guesstimation 2.0: Solving Today's Problems on the Back of a Napkin. Written by Lawrence Weinstein, an experimental nuclear physicist from Old Dominion University in Virginia, it treads the same path as his earlier book Guesstimation (see July 2008 p43). In the current volume, Weinstein poses a series of 70 or so numerical questions and invites the reader to make an educated guess at the answer – with help, if needed, from some gentle hints. Questions range from the simple (What is the total length of toilet roll used in the US each year? How many popcorn kernels would it take to fill a cinema?) to the complex, such as comparing the energy efficiencies of different forms of lighting. Weinstein does an admirable job of giving full and clear answers, always concentrating on making sensible estimates rather than striving for absolute precision. The final chapters of the book contain some quite advanced questions that will test even seasoned physicists. How closely, for example, could we safely orbit a neutron star if we considered only gravitational effects? (About 1000 km.) And what must the minimum possible lifetime of the proton be, such that radiation from proton decay will not kill us? (Some 1017 years.) Weinstein's strong US-centrism and fondness for footnotes aside, this book will be perfect for all physicists wanting to give their minds a good workout.
机译:对于我们许多在Physics World办公室工作的人来说,绊倒在一个有趣的数值类人动物上的主要吸引力-例如,在整个美国空运一吨橙子所需的总能量-是它立即变成了一种猜测游戏,例如我们邀请同事和朋友来估计正确的答案。如果您还喜欢这种快速计算,那么您一定会喜欢Guesstimation 2.0:在餐巾纸上解决当今的问题。该书由弗吉尼亚州旧多米尼翁大学的实验核物理学家劳伦斯·温斯坦(Lawrence Weinstein)撰写,与他先前的《猜测》一书(见2008年7月,第43页)走的路一样。在当前的卷中,温斯坦提出了一系列约70个数字问题,并邀请读者对答案做出有根据的猜测-如有需要,还可以通过一些温和的提示进行帮助。从简单的问题(在美国,每年使用的厕纸的总长度是多少?要给电影院装满玉米花需要多少个爆米花?)到复杂的问题,例如比较不同形式的照明的能源效率。温斯坦做出令人钦佩的工作,给出完整清晰的答案,始终专注于做出明智的估算,而不是追求绝对精度。本书的最后几章包含一些相当高级的问题,甚至可以测试经验丰富的物理学家。例如,如果仅考虑重力作用,我们能否安全地绕中子星运行呢? (大约1000公里。)质子的最小可能寿命是什么,以使质子衰减产生的辐射不会杀死我们? (大约1017年。)温斯坦的强烈美国中心主义和对脚注的热爱,这本书对于所有想要锻炼头脑的物理学家来说都是完美的。

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    《Physics world》 |2013年第2期|共1页
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