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A continuum model of gas flows with localized density variations

机译:具有局部密度变化的气流的连续模型

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We discuss the kinetic representation of gases and the derivation of macroscopic equations governing the thermomechanical behavior of a dilute gas viewed at the macroscopic level as a continuous medium. We introduce an approach to kinetic theory where spatial distributions of the molecules are incorporated through a mean-free-volume argument. The new kinetic equation derived contains an extra term involving the evolution of this volume, which we attribute to changes in the thermodynamic properties of the medium. Our kinetic equation leads to a macroscopic set of continuum equations in which the gradients of thermodynamic properties, in particular density gradients, impact on diffusive fluxes. New transport terms bearing both convective and diffusive natures arise and are interpreted as purely macroscopic expansion or compression. Our new model is useful for describing gas flows that display non-local-thermodynamic-equilibrium (rarefied gas flows), flows with relatively large variations of macroscopic properties, and/or highly compressible fluid flows. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译:我们讨论了气体的动力学表示形式以及控制稀薄气体热力学行为的宏观方程式的推导,该稀薄气体在宏观水平上被视为连续介质。我们介绍了一种动力学理论的方法,其中分子的空间分布通过无均值体积论证而被纳入。导出的新动力学方程包含一个涉及该体积演变的额外项,我们将其归因于介质热力学性质的变化。我们的动力学方程导致了一系列宏观的连续方程,其中热力学性质的梯度,特别是密度梯度,对扩散通量产生影响。出现了具有对流和扩散性质的新运输术语,它们被解释为纯粹的宏观膨胀或压缩。我们的新模型可用于描述显示非局部热力学平衡的气体流(稀薄的气体流),宏观特性变化较大的流和/或高度可压缩的流体流。 (C)2008 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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