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首页> 外文期刊>Physiological Reviews >Restoration of barrier function in injured intestinal mucosa.
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Restoration of barrier function in injured intestinal mucosa.

机译：受损肠粘膜屏障功能的恢复。

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摘要

Mucosal repair is a complex event that immediately follows acute injury induced by ischemia and noxious luminal contents such as bile. In the small intestine, villous contraction is the initial phase of repair and is initiated by myofibroblasts that reside immediately beneath the epithelial basement membrane. Subsequent events include crawling of healthy epithelium adjacent to the wound, referred to as restitution. This is a highly regulated event involving signaling via basement membrane integrins by molecules such as focal adhesion kinase and growth factors. Interestingly, however, ex vivo studies of mammalian small intestine have revealed the importance of closure of the interepithelial tight junctions and the paracellular space. The critical role of tight junction closure is underscored by the prominent contribution of the paracellular space to measures of barrier function such as transepithelial electrical resistance. Additional roles are played by subepithelial cell populations, including neutrophils, related to their role in innate immunity. The net result of reparative mechanisms is remarkably rapid closure of mucosal wounds in mammalian tissues to prevent the onset of sepsis.
机译：粘膜修复是一个复杂的事件，紧接在由缺血和有毒的腔内容物（如胆汁）引起的急性损伤之后。在小肠中，绒毛收缩是修复的初始阶段，由位于上皮基底膜正下方的成肌纤维细胞引发。随后的事件包括健康的上皮在伤口附近的爬行，称为恢复。这是一个高度受控的事件，涉及通过基底膜整合素通过分子（如粘着斑激酶和生长因子）进行信号传导。但是，有趣的是，对哺乳动物小肠的离体研究表明，关闭上皮间紧密连接和细胞旁间隙的重要性。紧密连接闭合的关键作用被旁细胞空间对屏障功能（例如跨上皮电阻）的测量的突出贡献所强调。包括嗜中性粒细胞在内的上皮下细胞群还发挥着与其在先天免疫中的作用有关的其他作用。修复机制的最终结果是哺乳动物组织中粘膜伤口的快速闭合可以防止败血症的发作。

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